Changes in America Between 1920 and 1960 Essay - 1404 Words

During the years between 1920 and 1960, America saw change in many aspects of life. The United States was a part of two major wars and a crash of the banking system that crippled the economy greater than ever seen in this country’s history. Also the country had new insecurities to tackle such as immigration and poor treatment of workers. These events led to the change of America lives socially, economically, and politically. The people of America changed their ideas of what the country’s place in the world should be. The issues challenging America led the country to change from isolation to war, depression to prosperity, and social change. The threats to American way of life, foreign and domestic, were the changing forces to the†¦show more content†¦The main reason for this legislation was to keep the United States isolated from the rest of the world, which many Americans believed would keep us safe from an attack on America. Americans were so afraid of a threat to the country, the United States disregarded one of its most beloved Amendments of the Constitution, the First which gives citizens the freedom of speech. The end of World War I left much of America confused on the country’s role in world affairs. Many people believed that the United States should primarily worry about its own issues and problems, and let the world handle their own problems. But President Woodrow Wilson was not one of those people. He believed that the United States should be directly involved in the issues affecting all of the countries of the world. He also wanted the United States to be the country to make a push for a League of Nations. â€Å"The people of the United States could act upon no other principle; and to the vindication of this principle they are ready to devote their lives, their honor, and everything that they possess. The normal climax of this the culminating and final war for human liberty has come, and they are ready to put their own strength, their own highest purpose, their own integrity and devotion to the test.† Wilson believed that if the United States needed to be a part of a League of Nations in charge of keeping peace around the world, this would keep AmericaShow MoreRelatedEvolution Of My Life From 1920985 Words   |  4 PagesEvolution of my life from 1920 to 1960 Living through 1920-1960s was challenging as well as an exciting time as the world was changing rapidly. I am going to give you a window into my life. I will discuss the 1920s, the roaring twenties, 1930 great depression, 1940 World War II, and sum up with the 1950-1960 the great changes in my life as well as Americas. Living in the 1920s were the first recollections in my life. We had many advantages during this time as the economy was stable. 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Disruptive And Aggressive Behavior Is A Common Problem...

Disruptive and aggressive behavior is a common problem within the field of autism. Professionals receive training in how to manage these behaviors utilizing many different methodologies based on Applied Behavior Analysis as well as attending trainings in Professional Assault Crisis Training. The family directly involved with the child with autism relies on the professional to provide intervention and instruction with very little knowledge of the methods being utilized to treat their child. Although, some families become proactive in their child s treatment, others disengage. It is suspected the potential for disengagement is heightened due to a lack of knowledge of both the methods being utilized and autism, how to utilize behavior†¦show more content†¦Disruptive behaviors are often seen in the way of kicking, biting, hitting, and throwing objects, which can result in injury to the child, parent, and increase parental stress level which can cause increased behavior probl ems. In a study of 1380 children with ASD, performed by Kanne Mazurek (2010), the researchers found 56% of the children engaged in aggressive behaviors towards their caregivers while only 32% engaged in aggression towards people other than their caregivers. Additionally, 68% had a history of behaving aggressively toward caregivers and 49% towards others (Kanne Mazurek, 2010). Given the frequency of behaviors demonstrated, paired with the rate at which autism is being diagnosed, the necessity for parents to be trained in appropriate intervention techniques is essential. A similar study, which sought to show training parents in behavior management methods as more useful than simply educating them about autism performed by Bearss, K., Johnson, C., Smith, T., Lecavalier, L., Swiezy, N., Aman, M., †¦ Scahill, L. (2015), showed a higher rate of improvement in those whose parents attended the training; however, improvements failed to yield results that could be determined to be s tatistically significant. Through the inclusion of only children who were enrolled in school, English speaking, and predominantly male, it leaves room for further investigation. At 24 weeks the behaviors decreased, as reported by parents, 47.7%

Enterprise Resource Planning In Holmes Higher Education Institute

Question: Discuss about the Comparative Case Study Of Enterprise Resource Planning In Holmes Higher Education Institute. Answer: Introduction Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) in the most important part of IS implementation which helps the business to gain an advantage over its competitors by integrating every possible business process and optimizing and managing resources available (Yelken, 2005). ERP is a tool that not only provides automation to business activities but also helps in achieving business, a long term success. Quite a few advantages include enhanced customer service, improved efficiency, improved work flow and better data analysis and so on (Yelken, 2005). Global trends are influencing the field of higher education at a steady pace and since the government has notified the institutions to improve and enhance their performances and efficiency, higher education providers are more concerned towards this agenda (Pollock and Cornford, 2015). For this reason Holmes institute in Australia is concerned and willing to adapt an ERP system solution into their university. Implementing ICT in academic institutions has its own advantages and these advantages are not limited only to the research activities and point of education but from the business aspect view too, such as supporting accounting functions, organizational functions, and administrative functions and so on (Beekhuyzen, Goodwin and Nielsen, 2012). There has been a 75% rise in the number of higher education institutions who have introduced an ERP into their business practices and this has helped them a lot in business operations enhancement and a smooth flow. The activities for them are now more transparent and manageable (Calisir, 2014). Vendors who develop such software are very much aware of the fact and they immensely work on the updates and enhancements required by a particular institution or any organization. They understand individuals needs and tries to satisfy their requirements by aligning software characteristics to that of institutions (Calisir, 2014). In the sector of higher education there is a thorough need to investigate the basic factors that prompt a fruitful execution of an ERP framework. This paper investigates and evaluates current researches on ERP implemented to various higher education institutions and determines the best possible alternative for an ERP implementation for Holmes institution along with proper measures to handle all the potential risks associated with it(Pollock and Cornford, 2015). ERP Systems in Higher Education: Business Processes The business processes at a university is different from that of organizations as the environment and circumstances at a university are different (Kositanurit, Ngwenyama and Osei-Bryson, 2016). The ERP model for any higher education institution is based on academic purposes and through ERP the members of the institution, such as staff members and faculty generally interacts with basic official activities while students requires much vast knowledge and information and enhanced e-learning atmosphere (Yelken, 2005). In Australia universities are under immense pressure of government for reforming universitys infrastructure and achieving higher organizational efficiency. The level of funds for the universities has been reduced and institutions are in pressure to increase their funds by acting more like business now (Kositanurit, Ngwenyama and Osei-Bryson, 2016). Business Requirements Viewing the current need of the universities to grow effectively and efficiently, the best solution to the problem is implementation of an ERP system into higher educational institutions in Australia (Bingi, Sharma and Godia, 2009). An ERP implementation will replace all the management and administrative old systems with modernized new systems which will provide automation to academic activities. Another reason and requirement to incorporate ERP systems is to gain sufficient efficiency in business operations at the institution and to improve learning practices for students (Abdinnour-Helm, Lengnick-Hall and Hall, 2013). The ERP systems today are not only limited to these factors, in fact they support every department of an organization, from manufacturing activities to processes department such as managing orders, finances and accounts, human resource management and asset management. Some of the latest ERP models even support supply chain management, marketing automatisation, grant management and so on (Abdinnour-Helm, Lengnick-Hall and Hall, 2013). With the help of an ERP system, the process of student enrollment will require minimal assistance by the administration and a long hectic task will turn out to be easiest to handle (Bingi, Sharma and Godia, 2009). According to ECAR organization, the primary benefits of accommodating ERP into higher education institutions are: Enhanced data access that will help in managing the institution well and will help in planning for the growth. Services will get improved for every member of the institution whether it is staff, students or faculty. Business risks will be lowered down. As the efficiency of the work done will get improved a lot, there will be high rise in the yearly turnover as expenses due to excess labor will be diminished. System Requirements An analysis was conducted over business activities of higher education institute Holmes to determine the information support to plan a suitable ERP design for Homes higher education institution (Beekhuyzen, Goodwin and Nielsen, 2012). According to the results of the analysis: The primary requirements of the Holmes are decision support systems, business reports and quality assurance which can only be efficiently achieved with the implementation of a suitable ERP design (Babey, 2016). Implementation in the field of educational activities such as virtual libraries for students, enrollment portals, simulations, teaching equipment such as e-books and presentations, forums, portals and so on (Babey, 2016). Implementation in the field of research, for example, research software, e-support in the development of project work, various laboratories to research etc (Babey, 2016). Implementation in other fields such as marketing and publishing information system, administrative information system, Sales information system, human resource management system and so on (Akkermans, Bogerd, Yucasan and Wassenhove, 2012). A vital requirement is student information system that would consist of every single record of a student since students admission, such as semester schedule, choice of subjects, marks obtained per semester, attendance and many other such things (Baptiste, 2011). Software and Vendor Selection Selection of software for the business activities requires consent with the person who possesses a good knowledge regarding this, because if the software results in a misfit with the business requirements, it can result in poor performance and evaluation process (Beekhuyzen, Goodwin and Nielsen, 2012). For example, on the off chance that the ERP programming is not in consistence with the authoritative condition, the renting organizations won't have the capacity to give its clients exercises the privilege lawful system expecting is a charitable situation with to some degree a bureaucratic approach (Baptiste, 2011). Some of the results of the cases where software was a misfit are: Over-dependency on highly customized systems: As the software was a mismatch, customizations to the existing software was heavy who surely need time to get adapt to it and resulted in overspent budget, project delays, and unreliable system (Marginson and Considine, 2010). Deprived management of the ERP process: With limited knowledge of the ERP design it will be a challenging task for the management to run the ERP system smoothly and effectively as the task will require executives to manage people along with new systems. Also a need to re-design business process (Marginson and Considine, 2010). Hence the best software selection according to the requirements of an individual organization or institution is the primary goal while deciding on to incorporate ERP systems to the organization (Bruce, 2015). As big ventures in the area of education struggles to in the era concentrated on commercializing advanced education, vendors see this as a big opportunity for them to grow in the market which could help them to earn millions of dollars. As a result, developing prevalence of ERP innovation surrounded by tentative educational surroundings has a capability to re-define operations and functions at an organization and transforming administrators functions (Campbell, 2013). At present the most famous ERP vendors in the area of higher education are Datatel, Jenzabar, SAP, People Soft, SCT and Oracle (Ciborra, 2010). According to a group, the solidification of merchants and the arrival to essential business operations, affected ERP arrangements in the territory of advanced education (Cohen, March and Olsen, 2012). A research has been conducted upon several ERP vendors and they have been categorized under four quadrants according to their expertise. Prophets or Creative Thinker: This set contains the vendors whose software possess clear vision for organizations future operations and functions but a little inferior to the current operations of the business. The vendor that belongs to this group is Oracle, however if company plans to merge with PeopleSoft circumstances can be different (Cohen, March and Olsen, 2012). Challengers: The vendors having a valuable market reputation but lack in a deep knowledge of future development trends in the clients organization (Kimaro, and Nhampossa, 2015). Niche Players: endeavors which are effective in certain market sections. For example, SAP, provides best solutions in the field of integral information but for the other areas its not recommendable. The strategy and vision statement of SAP in the area of higher education institution is uncertain (Kimaro, and Nhampossa, 2015). Cream of the crop: This is the best group of vendors in the field of ERP designs for higher educational institutions. All the vendors in this group hold exceptional visualization for the organizations present and future business requirements. PeopleSoft, Datatel and SCT are members of this group (Davenport, 2008). The software solutions provided by above discussed companies covers the larger part of principle elements of ERP framework such as managing human resources, handling process of study and accounts and so on. Benefits of individual solutions can be noticed in different areas. Oracle connects the back-office procedures and network with the use of E-business platform, SAP on the other hand favors user centered ERP frameworks such as if the software is designed for student part than it should be student oriented. PeopleSoft stresses upon the role of web tech and internet (Kimaro, and Nhampossa, 2015). Deciding on one software vendor is a difficult task and may not be feasible too. Hence the better idea is to identify different department needs and match them with the appropriate vendor skills and implement. Technical Preview of ERP in higher Education In a case study while executing advanced education ERP, a little consideration was put on utilization of project administration standards, culture of the organization and strategic planning. Despite the fact that these were effective contextual analyses, they contained confirmation of the gigantic trouble of actualizing ERP arrangements (Friedman, 2008). The key to online education is strategic planning. In some of the cases results of implementation of ERP in higher education shows that considered planning for information technology in universities is in a state of crisis. While evaluating a stumbled or fizzled ERP execution and deciding upon the conditions that prompted its fiasco, more often, administration will conclude that there is some ambiguity in the software itself or it is excessively mind boggling, making it impossible to execute in their one of a kind domain (Ellul, 2013). Administration additionally aggravates the disappointment by asserting that the wrong ERP framework was picked, and in the event that they had the "right" programming bundle they could recover their drive and accomplish their unique goals (Eisenhardt, 2009). However, the study demonstrates that its a rare case when software is actually the reason for the failure. In fact, even if the right software has been chosen for the project, it will result in a failure at later stage which could be more drastic then the first case. The actual realization of successful ERP implementation depends upon the proper integration of the ERP system and a manual exchange of data amidst ERP framework and the present legacy system of the organization. Improper exchange of data may result in mutilation or loss of data during export and it may result in number of complications (Eisenhardt, 2009). The approaches utilized by other universities to overcome above discussed implementation problems and to employ technology efficiently into the field of higher education are as follows: Internal Control: At the time of initial implementation of ERP software solution, to get a hold of controls in a right manner is less expensive than retrofitting controls. In most cases, the focus shifts to problems that may arise due to functionality instead focus should be on control. The interior control comprises of ethical values, following policies, segregation of duties, integrity and skill of an association's representatives. Workforce Assessment: To implement ERP system is a difficult task and to implement it most efficiently and effectively is the main concern of the ERP vendors. During early implementations vendors realized that most of the organizations are not able to achieve even half of the estimated profits. To handle this situation implementer realized that it is mandatory to manage the adaptation of change within the organization, which clearly means that ERP projects are not about technology but about people. Responsibilities, duties, process of conducting business activities, all will be affected by the implementation of new framework A clear comprehension of the effect of progress enables the business to outline an arrangement and address the diverse levels of changes likewise. This approach makes client acknowledgment and purchase in of the new E R P framework. When individuals utilize the framework, benefits will be accomplished. Alignment with present Rules and Regulations: Strategies and methods are imperative assets which represent the functions of any ERP and specifically in the area of advance education. They give conviction proclamations and working rules for board of directors and other members with respect to the organization of ERP system (Beekhuyzen, Goodwin and Nielsen, 2012). Risks associated with ERP Implementation in Higher Education Integral Information Solutions or ERP design systems are often denoted as integrated application packages or connected information systems. They provide us with a unified architecture that enables us to manage and administer all the vital operations within an organization or university (Ihde, 2013). The primary goal of an ERP system is to connect all business operations, functions and activities into an integrated computer system that fulfills the necessities of the entire association. By executing such arrangements clients hope to enhance organization's productivity, which in turn, enhance the quality, efficiency and productivity of organizations activities. Software packages are available in great number that empowers the connection business procedures and transaction-oriented data through the entire association, also inside the entire store network reaching out to a number of organizations (Greener, 2012). In spite of guarantees for enhanced work procedures and more viable administration in the organization, various research exercises have demonstrated a high disappointment rate in the execution of incorporated data arrangements and in some of the cases, involvement of risk is very high. To know the reason behind this failure, a research was conducted through the entire history and strategies used for the creation of ERP systems. Based on the research results reference models were created by analyzing most successful organizations and their main business functions (Hossler and Pape, 2016). Subsequently, this implied the execution of ERP frameworks included a high level of complexity and adjustment to diverse associations. The reasons for the failure of the project can be (not limited to): Unclearly defined vital objectives and strategic goals. The management of the client organization doesnt participate in the implementation process of the ERP system. The information solution provided for the client undervalues the complexity, size and scope of the organizations business activities and requirements. Company is not prepared to accommodate the changes came up with the new ERP system solution. The vendor selected is not well experienced for this kind of solutions and project team is not professional. Unsatisfactory guidance to the users of the new system which in turn results in loss of interest to work with the new solution and thus a great risk of failure. Data solution generated through computer system is not accurate and possess errors Framework productivity measures don't permit for effective changes to occur (desires of the association are most certainly not reasonable) Inquiries with respect to the strategy for framework usage in distinct parts of association have not been resolved correctly Problems with technical part of the solution. The achievement of the actualized ERP framework relies upon various factors, as the ERP network is connected to all the business functions of an association. It includes involvement of the client administration, a proper advancement of the existing policies and procedures, the probability to interface the basic data arrangements with different business data frameworks, co-operation amidst employees and advisers, and highly trained and educated staff members (Hossler and Pape, 2016). Conclusion The benefits and impacts of implementing an ERP system in any organization require a demanding assessment. It is rather improbable that in a market like ERP system solutions in higher education institution, a small and unique department, there would be any financial difficulty for the implementation process. Holmes has to adhere to rules and regulations and had to sustain a high-performing cross-functional group which can operate inside a relational database, to prevent the excessive costs of the implementation because conventionally, if universities possess a structure that is loosely coupled than it may not align with the ERP system and will result in extra implementation costs to set up an alignment with the ERP. While establishing these cross-functional teams for the Holmes, administrators are advised to consult registration supervision teams at MPU and LPS as these institutions have a highly experienced cross-functional team and may prove beneficial for the institution. It will help the staff to standardize and centralize business activities and tasks without any difficulty and they will be able to adapt the new integral software easily. The environment at Holmes institute of Higher Education is extremely dynamic as the training framework has been in a general sense changed with the time. The desire of Holmes to build a modern ERP system might shift general level task performed by less skilled employees to tasks that will require specialized skills, knowledge and training. Hence institution might have to recruit new skilled staff to handle ERP system successfully (Beekhuyzen, Goodwin and Nielsen, 2012). References Yelken, B. (2005). Erp System Implementation: A C Beko A.?. ?stanbul Kltr University Faculty of Engineering Architecture, Department Of Industrial Engineering, Brunel University. Pollock, H. and Cornford, G. (2015). Implications of Enterprise Resource Planning Systems for Universities. An Analysis of Benefits and Risks, Report of the observatory on borderless of higher education Boston, pp. 446-448. Beekhuyzen, J., Goodwin, M. and Nielsen, J. (2012). ERP in Universities: The Australian explosion Australian Conference on the information systems. Melbourne, Australia. Calisir, F. (2014). The relation of interface usability characteristics, perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use to end - user satisfaction with enterprise resource planning systems. Computer in Human Behavior. pp. 505-515. Kositanurit, B., Ngwenyama, O. and Osei-Bryson, K. (2016). An exploration of factors that impact individual performance in an ERP environment: an analysis using multiple analytical techniques, European Journal of Information Systems. pp. 556568. Kimaro, H. C. and Nhampossa, J. L. (2015). Analysing the problem of unsustainable Health Information Systems in Less-Developed Economies: Case studies from Tanzania and Mozambique, Information Technology for Development; 11(3):273-298. Marginson, S. and Considine, M. (2010).The enterprise university: power, governance and reinvention in Australia. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. Bingi, P., Sharma, M.K. and Godia, J.K. (2009). Critical Issues Affecting an ERP Implementation. Information Systems Management; 16 (3): 7 8. Abdinnour-Helm, S., Lengnick-Hall, M. and Hall, C. (2013). Pre-implementation attitudes and organizational readiness for implementing an enterprise resource planning (ERP) system. European Journal of Operational Research, 146, 258-273. Akkermans, H., Bogerd, P., Yucasan, E. and Wassenhove, L. (2012). The impact of ERP on supply chain management: Exploratory findings from a European Delphi study. European Journal of Operational Research, 146,284-301. Babey, E. (2016). Costs of enterprise resource planning- and then some. D. Hossler (Ed.), New directions for higher education. Special issue: Building a student information system: Strategies and success and implications for campus policy, pp. 21-33. Baptiste, I. (2011). Qualitative data analysis: Common phases, strategic differences Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 2(3). Retrieved from www. qualitative-research.net/fq5/fqs-eng.htm. Bruce, C. (2015). Questions arising about emergence, data collection, and its interaction with analysis in a grounded theory study. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 6(1), 2-12. Campbell, M. (2013). From airline reservations to sonic the hedgehog: A history of the software industry. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Ciborra, C. (2010). From control to drift: The dynamics of corporate information infrastructures. New York, Oxford University Press. Cohen, M., March, J. and Olsen, J. (2012). A garbage can model of organizational choice. Administrative Science Quarterly, 17(1), 1-25. Davenport, T. (2008). Putting the enterprise into the enterprise system. Harvard Business Review, 4, 121-131. Eisenhardt, K. (2009). Building theories from case study research. Academy of Management Review, 14( 4 ), 532-550. Ellul, J. (2013). The autonomy of the technological phenomenon. In R. Scharff V. Dusek (Eds.), Philosophy of technology: The technical condition: An anthology (pp. 38-44). Oxford, UK: Blackwell. Friedman, T. (2008). The post-binge world. The New York Times, p. WK10. Gartner, I. (2014). The Gartner glossary of information technology acronyms and terms. Retrieved September 17, 2017, from www.gartner.com/6_help/glossary/ Gartner_IT Glossary. pdf Greener, I. (2012). Theorising path-dependency: How does history come to matter in organizations. Management Decision, 40(6), 614-619. Hossler, D. and Pape, S. (2016). New directions for higher education. Special issue: Building a student information system: Strategies and success and implications for campus policy, 136, 1-6. Ihde, D. (2013). Philosophy of technology: An introduction. New York: Paragon House.

Nanaji Deshmukh free essay sample

Early childhood Deshmukh was born on October 11, 1916 in Kadoli, a small town in the Parbhani District of Maharashtra to Shri Amritrao Deshmukh and Shrimati Rajabai Amritrao Deshmukh. Deshmukhs career was full of strife and struggle. He lost his parents at an early age and was brought up by his maternal uncle. His family had little money to pay for his tuition fees and books, but his keen desire to learn encouraged him to work as a vendor and sell vegetables to raise money to fund his education. assignment help ad He lived in temples and received a higher education at the prestigious Birla Institute of Technology and Science in Pilani before becoming an RSS activist in the nineteen thirties. Though born in Maharashtra, the fields of his activities were Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh. Seeing his devotion, the then RSS Sarsanghchalak Shri Guruji sent him to Gorakhpur (U. P) as â€Å"Pracharak†. We will write a custom essay sample on Nanaji Deshmukh or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He rose to be the Saha Prant Pracharak of the whome of Uttar Pradesh (which has now become 8 prant of RSS). As an R. S. S. volunteer Deshmukh became inspired by Lokamanya Tilak and his nationalist ideology, as well as showing an acquired interest in social service and activities. His family was in close contact with Dr. Keshav Baliram Hedgewar who was a regular visitor to Deshmukhs family. He could discern potential in Nanaji and encouraged him to attend RSS shakhas. In 1940, after Hedgewars death, many youngsters inspired by him joined the R. S. S. in Maharashtra. Deshmukh was among those enthused youths who joined the RSS devoting their whole life in service to the nation. He was sent to Uttar Pradesh as a Pracharak. At Agra, he met Deen Dayal Upadhyaya for the first time. Later, Deshmukh went to Gorakhpur as a pracharak where he took great pains to introduce Sangh ideology in the eastern UP. It was not an easy task at that time as the Sangh had no funds to meet even day-today expenses. He had to stay in a Dharmashala but had to keep on changing Dharmashalas as no one was allowed to stay there for more than three days consecutively. Ultimately, he was given shelter by Baba Raghavdas on the condition that he would also cook meals for him. Within three years, his hard work bore fruits and almost 250 Sangh Shakhas commenced in and around Gorakhpur. Nanaji always laid great emphasis on education. He established Bharats first Saraswati Shishu Mandir at Gorakhpur in 1950. [1] When in 1947, the RSS decided to launch two journals Rashtradharma, Panchjanya and a newspaper called Swadesh,Shri Atal Bihari Vajpayee was assigned the responsibility of the editor and Deen Dayal Upadhyaya was made the Margdharshak with Nanaji as the Managing Director. It was a challenging task as the organization was hard up for money to bring out the publications, yet it did never dampen their spirits and these publications gained popularity and recognition because of their strong nationalistic content. Mahatma Gandhis assassination led to imposition of ban on the RSS and publication work came to a grinding halt. A different strategy was adopted keeping the ban in mind and Nanaji was the brain behind underground publication work by the RSS those days. Chandikadas Amritrao (Nanaji) Deshmukh ( ) Personal details Nationality Indian Profession Social Worker Religion Hinduism http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Nanaji_Deshmukh 8/28/2011 Nanaji Deshmukh Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Page 2 of 4 Political life When the ban was lifted and it was decided to have a political organization, Bharatiya Jana Sangh came into being. Deshmukh was asked by Shri Guruji to take charge of Bharatiya Jana Sangh in Uttar Pradesh as General Secretary. Deshmukh had worked as RSS pracharak in Uttar Pradesh and his groundwork proved of a great help in organizing BJS at the grass roots. By 1957 BJS had established its units at each and every district in Uttar Pradesh and credit for this goes to the Nanaji who had extensively traveled all over the state. Soon, BJS became a force to reckon with in Uttar Pradesh. In 1967 BJS became the part of United Legislature Party and joined the Government headed by Chaudhary Charan Singh. Deshmukh played a crucial role in evolving the alliance as he enjoyed good relations with Charan Singh and Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia. He was successful in bringing leaders of different political backgrounds on one platform to give Uttar Pradesh its first non-Congress government. A political giant, like Chandra Bhanu Gupta, had to face one of the biggest challenges of his political career when Deshmukh outwitted him not once but thrice. On one occasion, he planned a strategy to defeat the Congress nominee and Guptas favorite in Rajya Sabha. When Gupta himself contested elections from Lucknow in 1957, Nanaji crafted an alliance with socialist groups and helped Babu Triloki Singh in registering an impressive win over Gupta. Gupta faced another embarrassment when he was again defeated at Maudaha in Uttar Pradesh. In Uttar Pradesh, BJS gained strength from Upadhyayas vision, Atal Vajpais oratory skills and Deshmukhs organizational work and it emerged as an important player in the state politics. Deshmukh always shared good relations not only with his party colleagues but also with his opponents. Gupta, who suffered many defeats at the hands of Deshmukh, yet continued to have great respect for him and called him Nana Phadanvis . His relations with Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia changed the course of Indian politics. Once he invited Lohia in BJS karaykarta sammelan where he met Upadhyaya for the first time and this association brought the BJS closer to Socialist parties in exposing the Congress and its misrule. Desmukh actively participated in Bhoodan Movement started by Vinoba Bhave. [1] By spending two months with Vinoba, he was inspired by the success and appeal of the movement. The months that followed the judgment of Justice Jagmohan Lal Sinha of the Allahabad High Court, setting aside the election of Indira Gandhi in June 1974, were traumatic. An anti-Indira agitation, led by Jai Prakash Narayan, was gathering momentum. In the latter half of the year a massive procession, led by Narayan was taken out in Patna. As the procession wended its way through the roads of the state capital, the police made a lathi charge and, it is said, the Sarvodaya leader was the target. The final assault came when Narayan’s supporters were escorting him to safety. One of the supporters sprang to his leader’s protection, covered him and took all the lathi blows on himself. That man was Deshmukh. One of his arms was fractured in this daring effort. Later, Narayan himself and Morarji Desai, who became the Prime Minister heading the Janata Party Government, publicly praised the courage shown by Deshmukh and, as a reward, offered him the Cabinet portfolio of Industry, but Deshmukh spurned the overture. Deshmukh had won in the 1977 election held after revocation of the Emergency with a comfortable margin from Balrampur Lok Sabha constituency of Uttar Pradesh. [1] In 1980, when he turned 60, he opted not only from the electoral fray but also politics. He later devoted himself completely to social and constructive work, lived in ashrams and never projected himself. When Narayan gave the call for Total Revolution Deshmukh responded by giving total support to this movement. [1] When the Janata Party was formed, Deshmukh was one of its main architects. Janata Party stormed into power by sweeping off the Congress. He was nominated to Rajya Sabha by the NDA Government in the year 1999 in recognition of his services to the nation. [1] Social work After retirement from active politics Deshmukh then served Deendayal Research Institute that he himself had established way back in 1969. [1] He wanted Deendayal Research Institute to be devoted to strengthening the movement for constructive work in Bharat. He did pioneering work towards the anti-poverty and minimum needs programme. Other areas of his work were agriculture and cottage industry, rural health and rural education. Deshmukh assumed chairmanship of the institute after relinquishing politics and devoted all his time to building up the institute. He was also instrumental in carrying out social restructuring programme in over 500 villages of both Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh states of India. [1] He also published the journal â€Å"Manthan† (introspection) which was edited by K. R. Malkani for many years. Deshmukh did a lot of social work in Gonda and Beed — the most backward districts of U. P. and Maharashtra respectively. The motto of his project was: â€Å"Har hath ko denge kaam, har khet ko denge paanee†. He finally settled down at the picturesque Chitrakoot, a holy place on the borders of U. P. and Madhya Pradesh. It was in 1969 that Deshmukh visited Chitrakoot for the first time. He was moved to see the pathetic condition of the society in the karmabhoomi of Sri Ram the place where Ram spent 12 out of the 14 years in exile. He sat by the holy River Mandakini, and resolved to change the face of Chitrakoot during his life-time. While in exile, Ram started working for the upliftment of the downtrodden here. With this important historical and inspiring background, Deshmukh made Chitrakoot the centre of his social work. http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Nanaji_Deshmukh 8/28/2011 Nanaji Deshmukh Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Page 3 of 4 He chose to serve the poorest among the poor. He used to remark jokingly that he admired Vanavasi Ram more than Raja Ram and so would like to spend the est of his life in Chitrakoot among the vanavasis and most backward sections of the society. He also established Chitarkoot Gramodya Vishwavidyalaya in Chitrakoot- Bharats first Rural University and was its Chancellor. [1] Nanaji implemented the philosophy of integral humanism to improve the living standard of more than 150 villages of bundelkhand. Deendayal Research Institute (DRI) Deendayal Research Institute (DRI) was found ed in 1972 by Deshmukh to validate the philosophy of Integral Humanism propounded by Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya (1916–1968). Integral Humanism gave a vision for Bharat that, with an approach to man and his relationship to society that is integral and complementary, could transform Bharat into a self-reliant and compassionate example for the world to follow. Deshmukh developed a model for the development of rural areas on the basis of Integral Humanism. After initial experiments in Gonda (U. P. ) and Beed (Maharashtra), Nanaji finally fine-tuned an integrated program for the development of rural areas that covers health, hygiene, education, agriculture, income generation, conservation of resources, and social conscience, that is both sustainable and replicable. The basis of the project is Total transformation through total development with peoples initiative and participation. The project, called the Chitrakoot Project or the Campaign for Self-Reliance, was launched on 26 January 2005 in 80 villages around the Chitrakoot area in the border of Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh. The aim was to achieve self reliance for these villages by 2005. When complete in 2010, the project hopes to make the 500 surrounding villages self-reliant and serve as a sustainable and replicable model for the Bharat and the world. DRI has association with the following important institutions among others. The Wadia Group, Apeejay Education Society (AES), Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), Khadi and Village Industries Commission (KVIC), India Development and Relief Fund (IDRF), Madhya Pradesh Council of Science and Technology (MPCST), India Development Coalition of America (IDCA), Department of Elementary Education (DEE), The Sir Dorabji Tata Trust, Ayurveda Yoga Naturopathy Unani Siddha and Homoeopathy(AYUSH) and Sewa International (SI) Appreciation and recognition He was awarded Padma Vibhushan in 1999. Former President A. P. J. Abdul Kalam has lavished praise on Deshmukh and the organization started by him, the Deendayal Research Institute (an organization of the Sangh Parivar), for giving the nation the litigation-free model he had devised for resolving disputes. The then President said In Chitrakoot, I met Nanaji Deshmukh and his team members belonging to the Deendayal Research Institute (DRI). DRI is a unique institution developing and implementing a village development model which is most suited for India,. Apart from all the development activities, the institute is facilitating a cohesive conflict-free society. As a result of this, I understand that the 80 villages around Chitrakoot are almost litigation-free. The villagers have unanimously decided that no dispute will find its way to the courts. The differences will be sorted out amicably in the village itself. The reason given by Nanaji Deshmukh is that if the people fight among each o ther, they have no time for development,. I consider that this model may be propagated in many parts of the country by societal organisations, judicial organisations and government, Kalam concluded. [2] Praising Deshmukh for his single-minded devotion to the uplift of the people, Kalam said â€Å"What the octogenarian leader was doing at Chitrakoot should be an eye-opener for others. †[3] Death Deshmukh died on 27 February 2010 on the premises of India’s first rural university, Chitrakoot Gramodya Vishwavidyalaya, that he established. He was unwell for some time due to age-related ailments and had refused to be taken to Delhi for treatment. He has willed that his body be donated to Dadhichi Dehdaan Sanstha of New Delhi which accepted and sent his remains to All India Institute of Medical Sciences for medical research. His body was sent by road up to SATNA (M. P. ) and hundreds of people and local dwellers accompanied this last procession and from SATNA his body was carried by a chartered plane to New Delhi, there it was kept for few hours at KESHAV SADAN (the Delhi Head Quarter of Rashtriya Swayam Sewak Sangh) and after that the body was donated to AIIMS[1]

Business Evaluation Essays - Allstate, Factoring, Insurance

Business Evaluation Business evaluation The subject that I interviewed was Mike Anderson from Allstate Insurance. Mike is an agent who owns his own office and has his own employees but at the same time is also an employee himself for the Allstate Corporation. The nature of Allstate is the sales of different lines of insurance policies. Mike's office is very service oriented although they are in the sales business. He classifies his office as a retail business with the explanation that he is selling something that is not provided directly by him, rather by the company, and because what he is selling is being bought. Allstate is a company that has many people that work for it. Each of these employees is a separate agent that works as a mediator between the customer buying the product and the company selling the product. Thus, Mike's own business inside another business positions itself, as well as Mike, as an agency. Since Mike is ultimately a salesperson, what he does most frequently during the day is to interact with people and sell them a policy or assist them with one he already provides them with. Even though this is what he does most often, he finds human relations to be the most difficult thing to do. Working with people isn't the easiest thing to do and he informed me that in the insurance business the calming people down and making sure you do your best to try to satisfy the customer can sometimes become quite exhausting. What made this the most difficult for him was frequently having to this for customers who were upset with something that happened and trying to remain calm and pleasant after dealing with someone who refuses to be satisfied. He uses trend exploration to determine his forecast. Since he is the sales person of his business he does his own forecasting. Trend exploration involves extending a pattern observed in past data into the future. He simply looks at the past sales of a few months or a year to try to come up with a projection for the next few months or year. This is a simple way of forecasting because trend exploration assumes that sales will remain the same, however, this may not always be the case. Allstate is probably known best as the good hands people. This is their main advertising campaign. It commonly uses the sales pitch, your in good hands with Allstate. Beyond having a photo and name in the yellow pages, Mike himself doesn't have a particular advertising campaign for his individual office. He does, however, supply his customers with his personalized pens, magnets, calendars, and business cards. Mike doesn't supply any promotional things for his office; the company does it for him. They manufacture and send him any special promotional advertisements that he can place or hang in his office. The company informs him of what areas that the agents need to focus on selling but that doesn't necessarily mean that there is a promotional campaign that will go along with it. Prices for each policy are determined to specifically fit the individual who is buying the policy. Things such as the number of years a person has had his license, how many points are on ones record, and the type of vehicle being driven, along with other certain factors, help to determine the price of an auto policy. Certain features such as smoke detectors and an alarm system, again along with many other factors, contribute to a final cost of a home policy; and a person's age, health, and length of the policy will all affect the price of a life insurance policy. In addition to the individual factors that help the agent find the premium that needs to be paid, the company also figures in how many losses, of money, there were due to claims, the salaries and benefits paid to the employees, and the cost of advertising and promotions. All of those factors contribute to the final cost that the customer has to pay. The way the competition is analyzed is actually quite simple. Mike himself uses comparative rating. He merely notes the premium of his competitors compared to his own so he

Hash libraries for C Programmers

Hash libraries for C Programmers This page lists a collection of libraries that will help you in programming in C. Libraries here are open source and used to help you store data, without having to roll your own linked list etc data structures. uthash Developed by Troy D. Hanson, any C structure can be stored in a hash table using uthash. Just include #include uthash.h then add a UT_hash_handle to the structure and choose one or more fields in your structure to act as the key. Then use HASH_ADD_INT, HASH_FIND_INT and macros to store, retrieve or delete items from the hash table. It uses int, string and binary keys. Judy Judy is a C library that implements a sparse dynamic array. Judy arrays are declared simply with a null pointer and consume  memory only when populated. They can grow to use all available memory if desired. Judys key benefits are scalability, high performance, and memory efficiency. It can be used for dynamically sized arrays, associative arrays or a simple-to-use interface that requires no rework for expansion or contraction and can replace many common data structures, such as arrays, sparse arrays, hash tables, B-trees, binary trees, linear lists, skiplists, other sort and search algorithms, and counting functions. SGLIB SGLIB is short for  Simple Generic Library and consists of a single header file sglib.h that provides generic implementation of most common algorithms for arrays, lists, sorted lists and red-black trees. The library is generic and it does not define its own data structures. Rather it acts on existing user-defined data structures via a generic interface. It also does not allocate or deallocate any memory and does not depend on any particular memory management. All algorithms are implemented in form of macros parametrized by the type of data structure and comparator function (or comparator macro). Several further generic parameters such as the name of next field for linked lists may be required for some algorithms and data structures.

MIH548 - Theory Based Research - Mod 4 Case Assignment Essay

MIH548 - Theory Based Research - Mod 4 Case Assignment - Essay Example This was a quasi-experimental design. This type of research is meant to find a cause and effect relationship when there are independent and dependent variables. The goal is to find out if a specific intervention affected the outcome (Burns & Grove, 2007). In this particular case, the goal would be to find out if the $25 incentive improved the number of people at risk for HIV that went for testing and follow up. The study is an experiment as there is a control group used to measure against. There were 372 patients referred during the three periods that were tracked. During the control periods in which the incentive was not offered, 20 of 252(8%) patients completed HIV counseling and testing while during the incentive period 27 of the 120 (23%) patients completed testing and counseling. There was a statistically significant difference in the groups that showed in race and ethnicity. This had to be accounted for by using a multivariable logistic regression model. The result was that there was still a statistical difference in the two groups. The conclusion from this was that there is a increased proportion of patients who complete testing and counseling when a small financial incentive is used. However, there was not a significant answer as to whether there were more positive patients found in this manner and whether this program would be worth its cost. There will need to be further clinical studies to determine these answers. The study was performed over three consecutive 6 month periods resulting in two control groups and an experimental group. This might have been a better experiment if it had been conducted over the full year and 1/2 randomly assigning patients to the different groups. In setting up the groups the way they did for this particular clinical experiment, they did not realize their bias in one group toward one ethnic group until it was too late. Had they randomly assigned

Counselling and Sexual Orientation Research Paper

Counselling and Sexual Orientation - Research Paper Example Moreover, counselors also are guided by their own morals and religious beliefs. For example, a counselor with a religious background may not be willing to attend to issues of sexual orientation for gay and lesbians. Attending to them would amount to going against his ethical principle. However, this is not usually the case because counseling involves helping those people who are in need and for which therapeutic services would help improves on their health. A Christian fundamentalist counselor is faced with the ethical issue while dealing with cases of gay culture and homosexual behaviors. Christianity rebukes and discourages homosexual and lesbianism and so their counselors would not be willing to attend to the case resulting from such indulgence. The issue of morality is always a topical issue and has evolved to a more complex issue between individuals codes of conduct (Ethics and Counselling). Ethical counseling is among the complex discussion that revolves in the discipline due to the nature of the client and counselors background. Many countries do not have strict laws that guide counseling profession. However, the use of ethical standard is done to ensure that quality services are provided by all counselors. Moreover, counselors are trained of the value of protecting client’s confidentiality. Therefore, counselor should meet the demand of their clients no matter their moral standing because they would minimize danger and aggravation of the problem. Moreover, the ethical of secrecy protect counselors facing accusation of serving the gay community. According to Daniluk and Haverkamp ethical counseling is based on the concept of self-interest, beneficence, autonomy, non-maleficence, fidelity and justice (Ethics and Counselling). Therefore, therapeutic therapy on sexual orientation in guided by the above concepts and it would be better if a

Managing Waste Products from Dairy Factories in Greece Dissertation

Managing Waste Products from Dairy Factories in Greece - Dissertation Example Nutrients and proteins can also be extracted from wastewater for various business purposes. The question is what technology is effective in the treatment of dairy wastewater. Wastewater management, which includes treatment, is part of an effective environmental management system (EMS) which dairy factories should implement immediately at the start of the operation. In countries such as Greece, EMS implementation is not uncommon. This is so because, in the countryside where wastewater usually flows to rivers and adjoining bodies of water, wastewater has to be treated first before it has to be discharged. Environmental impact created by businesses, organizations and dairy factories has to be minimized in order to deliver sustainability for the next generation. An Environmental Management System is a way of addressing the impact on the environment by issuing guidance to organizations, businesses, and governments which maintain or regulate establishments that produce wastewater. An EMS a nswers the environmental compliance regulations and other relevant activities for environmental best practice. An EMS aims for sustainable development in the community, and minimize waste and hazardous materials. It is a set of rules and requirements that set up a policy for environmental promotion and can be effectively implemented through the guidelines set by ISO 14001. The International Standards Organization states that businesses should implement an EMS which carries out its environmental objectives in accordance with the legal and other significant requirements of the organization and the laws of the land. Wastewater treatment, to include reuse and recycle, is a best practice in line with ISO compliance. (Edwards, 2004) There are a number of methodologies in wastewater treatment that have been implemented by the dairy industry, but some problems in the methods have to be identified. This paper, therefore, will provide an in-depth analysis of some of the methods and technologi es available, along with a business model that can be created out of these methods. 1.1 Objectives The objectives of this paper are: 1.1.1 To analyse how Greek dairy factories, conduct wastewater treatment and reduce wastewater generation that leads to minimization of effluent-treatment costs, and how to extract proteins and nutrients from wastewater; 1.1.2 To analyse the business side of the treated wastewater, taking into consideration the business model that can be created from the nutrients and proteins extracted and separated from the wastewater; 1.1.3 To provide an in-depth analysis of the methods and technologies available so that clear recommendations can be provided. 2. Literature Review There has to be a holistic view of the various ways of waste production, including collection and treatment and subsequent disposal of wastewater. The treatment to be implemented would depend on what type of wastewater is produced by the dairy factory or pond. Wastewater comes from milk, bu tter, yogurt, ice cream and other varieties which may be composed of desserts. Initial planning of wastewater treatment plant includes the following aspects: 1.) The various data and information gathered from the field surveys should be put together, inputted into a database, and carefully studied; 2.) What type of wastewater collection and system will be implemented?

Primary Health Care In Grenada Health And Social Care Essay

Primary Health Care In Grenada Health And Social Care Essay Primary Health Care service delivery in the Health sector in Grenada is public based, meaning, health clinics, emergency room care, general hospital and a National Insurance Scheme (NIS) for insurance, as well as private based, with the provision of private health insurance and private hospitals, such as St. Augustine. As a result it employs the use of both solo and group practice. o  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Employment status of Physicians: The Caribbean in general is experiencing a shortage of medical professionals and Grenada is not immune to this problem. A major contributing factor is that many medical professionals leave to work in other countries, creating a situation of braindrain. It was estimated by the U.N. that around 70% of native born Grenadian physicians leave and work overseas, (UN population statistics, 2010) Grenada has a low physician to population at 8.1 for 10,000 people for comparison Mexico has 20 per 10,000, (PAHO). It is estimated that there are approximately 110 physicians currently working in the health sector in Grenada. A small section of these physicians serve as independent contractors, most of whom are specialist with a few general practioners. A greater majority of those however are in private practice but are still employed in public practice, providing healthcare services at their private establishments and/or the private hospital as well as providing healthcare services through the pub lic health facilities, health centers and hospitals. o  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Population Served: All citizens of Grenada and foreigners, mainly SGU students and visitors are able to get access to the healthcare facilities. The general population of Grenada served, excluding foreigners, is approximately 93,000. o  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Types of Hospitals: Grenadas health policy aims at ensuring that every Grenadian has access to quality health services. The Grenadian government has embraced the concept of primary health care as the main strategy for improving the populations health status. As part of its aim to attain health for all by the year 2000 it has adopted the goals and targets established through the Caribbean Cooperation in Health initiative as the priorities for its health services. Grenada is divided into seven health districts, six of which have a health center with most services and an additional 30 medical stations. These are major primary care facilities and usually serve as the first point of contact within the Grenadian health system. All health facilities are within easy access of the population and each health district is assigned a District Medical Officer, several categories of nurses, community health aides, dentists and dental auxiliaries, pharmacists, environmental health officers and mental health workers. At some Health Centers, some specialist services, such as pediatrics, and psychiatry are provided. There is a 240 bed General Hospital, which is the main hospital on island and located in the capital of St. Georges. The General Hospital is a referral hospital offering 24 hour emergency care, specialist, surgical, paediatrics, psychiatric, ophthalmic, obstetric/gynecology, and ENT. Ultrasonagraphy and electrocardiogram are also available. Support services include laboratory, pharmacy, imaging, physiotherapy and rehabilitative services. In addition there are two rural hospitals, the Princess Alice Hospital and Princess Royal hospital, with 60 beds and 40 beds respectively. As part of their provision of primary health care for all, the Grenadian government, through the health sector also provides specialized Mental Health Services providing treatment, rehabilitation and follow-up care at the Mental Hospital and in the community. The institutions include an 80-bed psychiatric hospital for acute and chronic patients, the Mount Gay hospital, and a geriatric facility at Richman Hill with 120 beds, that is usually filled above capacity. Dorothy Hopkin Home a 16-bed facility offers services for disabled children. o  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Prevailing Remuneration of the Health Care Workers: What currently obtains in Grenada as relates to the prevailing remuneration system for health care workers is that they are primarily salaried workers. The salary of healthcare workers is determined by the negotiation between the Government and the bargaining agent, the Public Service Workers Union. Salary is based on a scale system that is predetermined by the government. Entry into that scale is determined by qualification and the job title held. Private physicians however are paid on a fee for service basis. The fee scale is determined by the Grenada Medical Association. o  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Referral Restrictions: Public hospitals have a restricted referral system, access to specialist care is on the basis of referral from a General Practitioner within the public health sector. This serves as a means of gatekeeping. Home referrals are done by the district medical doctor on advisement from the district health centers. Laboratory and other medical test referrals are also assigned by public health physicians as well as private physicians from the list of preapproved test centers. Private facilities does not necessarily operate within the boundaries of a referral system as persons using private facilities would have direct access to private specialist care. Home referrals are done by the private physicians whose clinic have been visited or referred to other physicians in different specialties according to the characteristic of the disease. Laboratory and medical tests are referred by private physicians to the test centers, which have agreements with the physicians. o  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Level of internal integration between staff: Within the health system of Grenada both the public and the private sector are integrated. To date, there are about 110 physicians working within the private and public health sector combined. Because of this nurses /midwives and other medical professional that serve both in the private and public sector are allowed a lot of interaction with each other. Within the public sector there is a hierarchy that exists among physicians, there are the senior physicians, followed by the junior doctors. Also within in the nursing system there is a hierarchy. This lends to a flow of authority between members of staff. Though there is this hierarchy, it can be seen from interactions with members of the system that there is a respect that exists between professionals within the different fields that make up Grenadas very integrated public and private health systems. o  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Level of external integration with other services: The National Strategic Health Plan stated that the community health services had issues with primary care services as it was neither integrated nor coordinated. This is due to limited confidence in community services. It also reported that persons would visit the general hospital or private clinics. There is an increase in private clinics which is seen as the provider of quality care. It should be noted that one of the goals of the National Strategic Health Plan reported that there is an endeavor to improve collaboration between Non-government agencies, public health care, community centers as well as private health care services in an effective and efficient manner. A strategy that was curative in nature was developed to increase collaboration between the Ministry of Health and Regional sectors in aiding with the treatment and diagnosis of Dengue. The formation of strategies that are developed for prevention and promotion aids in the development of partnerships with other ministries to help deal with youth issues.   The Ministry of Health was in collaboration with PAHO in Barbados to develop a cost benefit analysis of a National Fluoridation Program. Level of integration of staff education and training in primary care: Generally the training in primary care for staff education is a mix between coninous professional development and undergraduate/basic education. In the National Strategic Health Plan for Grenada, the level of integration of staff education and training in primary health care is as follows: for there is in service training provided for community workers. There is also a plan to have training in the screening of cancer, a system of surveillance in communicable diseases, pre and post natal care as well as training in acquiring the proper nutrition for children and their mothers. The training of staff to be sensitive in providing quality care of the elderly, training for hospital staff and the development of the support of clinical service.

Challenges Facing 5 Star Hotel Businesses Essay

The hotel industry contributes significantly to revenue generation through customs, license fees, value added tax, landing fees, and exercise duty. The revenue generated plays a significant role in the overall development of resident economy as well as the global economy. The hotel industry, under the umbrella of tourism and hospitality, has faced numerous challenges that have led to a stagnated growth. Most 5-star hotel businesses across the globe often shift their operation to restaurants that have potentially limited their growth. Most hoteliers have mentioned short comes in demand and supply that are not in sync. Likewise, the market for five-star hotels is growing at a slower rate that demands operational efficiencies to have a bigger share of the pie. As such, this paper discusses the challenges experienced by five-star hotels in this century based on current research validations. Description of a 5-Star Hotel and Rationale for the Choice The term five-star hotel is most often associated with ultimate luxury and by implication, expense. Five-star hotel groups are committed to displaying conduct through their behavior and actions. Hotels promote corporate citizenship through their strategic private-public partnerships. The significance of hotels is to reduce malnutrition, enhancing employment, promoting indigenous craftsmen and artisans. Five-star hotels present a unique scope and opportunity that enables the development of raw potential individuals to a skilled workforce, which according to Chandana, are immediately employable by the key players in the hotel sector (Chandana, 2013) Likewise, five-star hotels drive myriad community projects that emphasize on food production, housekeeping, kitchen management, spas, and customer service to promote economic empowerment for candidates from vulnerable social and economic backgrounds. The rationale for choosing the hotel sector is due to their capability and previous good re cord in global economic performance. However, the challenges facing the hotel sector are numerous and solutions are readily available. Likewise, the commitment of the hotel sector in economic development, creation of employment, food security campaigns, and environmental sustainability is significant for developing careers in the sector.Shortage of Qualified Employees According to a study conducted on the Romanian 5-star hotels, approximately 40 percent of the 5-star hotels are facing the shortage of qualified employees. Besides, Haidment (2007) predicts that within the next ten years, employee shortage in terms of talent in a five-star hotel would increase by 15 percent. As such, five-star hotels around the globe, according to him, will face challenging times from the human resource point of view. However, the problem is not the presence qualified and talented candidates to work for these hotels; rather it is the inability of these hotels to attract talented and qualified candidates for the hotel industry (Haidment, 2007). The deficit mainly refers to the specialized positions such as receptionist, cooks, pastry cooks, chambermaids, and waiters. The study further reveals that the number of vacancies in five-star hotels is continually increasing with 11, 000 jobs announced annually, according to data forecast by World Travel and Tourism Council (2 007). The causes of labor shortage in five-star hotels, Haidment (2007) explains, begin with the shrinking of the population due to emigration. Besides, the lack of national integration plan to and action plan to support the development of human capital in the hotel industry, 5-star hotels, in particular, partially explains the deficit of employees in 5 star hotels. Look more:Â  the basic economic problem essay Insufficient Employee Training and Development The current market for 5-star hotels is highly competitive and requires skillful workforce to remain successful in the competitive hotel sector game. Boella and Goss-Turner, (2005) indicates that one of the major obstacles that affect the workplace of 5-star hotels is the lack of employee training and development. According to him, employee training is an essential process that should be designed and implemented continually in any 5-star hotel as well as other firms. The significance of human resource department is to improve the attractiveness of the organization by providing the employees with skills, knowledge and attitudes that in turn improves their current job performance (Boella & Goss-Turner, 2005). However, five-star hotels have experienced limited development activities that have reduced the acquisition of new knowledge and skills for the purposes of employee career and personal growth. The current economic downturn has hit five star hotels with appalling impacts everywhere especially Europe and U.S. Thus, the productivity of the employees in the sector, according to Boella et al. (2005), has reduced in double digits further challenging the organizations in meeting their establishment goals. Insecurity Terrorism is a global problem affecting both the developed and developing countries. According to Chandana, (2013) terror groups that exist in many nations have led to a sharp economic downturn. In particular, the hotel industry is a sector that provides revenue for the government and employment to numerous people globally. However, the acts of terrorism have led to the closure of some 5-star hotels and numerous people rendered jobless. Chandana, (2013) notes that most five-star hotels, especially, in developing countries relies on visitors from abroad touring the nation. However, the threat due to terrorist and bandits in these countries has led to decrease in traveling and tourism activities. For instance, the recent terrorist activities and attacks by bandits in Kenya and Nigeria have seen some countries such as U.S warning their citizens to visit these countries at their own risk. Yet, these countries have five-star hotels that heavily bank on of foreign visitors that seek the se rvices of their facilities considered expensive for most of their citizens. Therefore, terrorist activities and bandit attacks, according to Lockyer (2007), provides a significant challenge to five-star hotels and the tourism sector at large. Also, bandits that reside within the countries have discouraged domestic tourism with the few potential visitors of 5-star hotels avoiding such places. Lockyer, (2007) further highlights that 5-star hotels attract terrorist activities as some of the agendas derived by the terrorists aim at seeking audience of the high class. Thus, the terrorists keep on storming 5-star hotels and kidnapping and killing people. In a nutshell, the resultant victim in this tussle is the five-star hotel investors that experience severe losses leading to closure in extreme scenarios. Competition Fierce competition among the 5-star hotels has recently underscored by the increased opening of more hotels across the globe. Currently, luxury hotels are build up to 180-story with numerous rooms and reduced charges. The cut-throat competition among the hoteliers has led to the withdrawal of some hotels and mergers. Lockyer, (2007) writes that hotels have experienced mergers and acquisitions to achieve competitive advantage in the market. Due to the decrease revenues, merger and acquisition among hotels are the key marketing strategy of sustaining a competitive market. As such, numerous hotels are forced into mergers and acquisition, thus shutting their individual objectives. Conclusion Five-star hotels around the world have documented numerous challenges over the past, according to research. The main challenges facing five-star hotels are competition, insecurity, and lack of competent employees. However, in order for five star hotels to survive the management must set most efficient strategic goals, identify the needs for implementing the goals, train employees and equip them with skills and knowledge required for job performance. Likewise, employee motivation to improve their skills is essential for curbing some challenges facing the hotel industry. References Boella, M. & Goss-Turner, S. (2005), Human Resources Management in the Hospitality Industry, London: Elsevier Chandana, C. J. (January 01, 2013). The Canadian hotel industry: innovative solutions to secure the industry’s future. Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes, 5, 2, 219-230. Haidment, F. (2007), Human Resources 2006-2007 – Annual Editions, London: Then McGraw – Hill Companies Lockyer, T. L. G. (2007). The international hotel industry: Sustainable management. New York: Haworth Hospitality & Tourism Press World Travel and Tourism Council (2007), Romania – Travel &Tourism Navigating the Path Ahead Source document

The Opening Scene of Macbeth Sets the Mood of the Whole Play-Discuss

Macduff (Macbeth) 1 Macduff (Macbeth) Macduff (Macbeth) Dan O'Herlihy as Macduff in Orson Welles' controversial film adaptation Macbeth (1948) Creator William Shakespeare Play Date Source Family Macbeth c. 1603-1607 Holinshed's Chronicles (1587) Lady Macduff, wife Son, (name unknown) Antagonist to Macbeth; kills him in the final act. Despair thy charm / And let the angel whom thou has served / Tell thee Macduff was from his mother’s womb / Untimely ripped (5. 10. 14-16) Role Quote Macduff, the Thane of Fife, is a character in William Shakespeare's Macbeth (c. 603-1607). Macduff plays a pivotal role in the play: he suspects Macbeth of regicide and eventually kills Macbeth in the final act. He is the main antagonist, yet the hero, in the play. The character is first known from Chronica Gentis Scotorum (late 14th century) and Orygynale Cronykil of Scotland (early 15th century). Shakespeare drew mostly from Holinshed's Chronicles (1587). Although characterized sporadically through out the play, Macduff serves as a foil to Macbeth, a figure of morality, and an instrument to the play’s desired excision of femininity. OriginThe overall plot that would serve as the basis for Macbeth is first seen in the writings of two chroniclers of Scottish history, John of Fordun, whose prose Chronica Gentis Scotorum was begun about 1363 and Andrew of Wyntoun's Scots verse Orygynale Cronykil of Scotland, written no earlier than 1420. These served as the basis for the account given in Holinshed's Chronicles (1587), on whose narratives of King Duff and King Duncan Shakespeare in part based Macbeth. Macduff first appears in Holinshed's narrative of King Duncan after Macbeth has killed the monarch and reigned as King of Scotland for 10 years.When Macbeth calls upon his nobles to contribute to the construction of Dunsinane castle, Macduff avoids the summons, arousing Macbeth's suspicions. Macduff leaves Scotland for England to prod Duncan's son, Malcolm, into taking the Scot tish throne by force. Meanwhile, Macbeth murders Macduff's family. Malcolm, Macduff, and the English forces march on Macbeth, and Macduff kills him. [1] Shakespeare follows Holinshed's account of Macduff closely, with his only deviations being Macduff's discovery of Duncan's body in 2. 3, and Macduff's brief conference with Ross in 2. 4.Historically, the Clan MacDuff was the most powerful family in Fife in the medieval ages. [2] The ruins of Macduff's Castle lie in East Wemyss cemetery. Role in the play Macduff first speaks in the play in 2. 3 when he discovers the corpse of King Duncan in Macbeth’s castle. He raises an alarm, informing the castle that the king has been murdered. Macduff begins to suspect Macbeth of regicide when Macbeth says, â€Å"O, yet I do repent me of my fury / That I did kill them† (2. 3. 103-104). Interestingly, Macduff’s name does not appear in this scene; rather, Banquo refers to him as â€Å"Dear Duff† (2. 3. 75). In 2. Macbeth has left for Scone, the ancient royal city where Scottish kings were crowned. Macduff, meanwhile, meets with Ross and an Old Man. He reveals that he will not be attending the coronation of Macbeth and will instead return to his home in Fife. However, Macduff flees to England to join Malcolm, the slain King Duncan’s elder son, and convinces him to return Macduff (Macbeth) to Scotland and claim the throne. Macbeth, meanwhile, visits the Three Witches again after the spectre of Banquo appears at the royal banquet. The Witches warn Macbeth to â€Å"beware Macduff, beware the Thane of Fife† (4. 1. 87-88).Furthermore, they inform him that, â€Å"The power of man, for none of woman born / Shall harm Macbeth† (4. 1. 96-97). Macbeth, fearing for his position as King of Scotland, orders the deaths of Macduff's wife, children and relatives. Macduff, who is still in England, learns of his family’s deaths through Ross, another Scottish thane. He joins Malcolm, and th ey return to Scotland with their English allies to face Macbeth at Dunsinane Castle. After Macbeth slays the young Siward, Macduff confronts Macbeth. Although Macbeth believes that he cannot be killed by any man born of a woman, he soon learns that Macduff was â€Å"from his mother’s womb /Untimely ripped† (5. 10. 15-16). The two fight, and Macduff slays Macbeth offstage. Macduff ultimately presents Macbeth’s head to Malcolm, hailing him as king and calling on the other thanes to declare their allegiance with him (5. 11. 20-25). 2 Analysis Macduff as a foil to Macbeth As a supporting character, Macduff serves as a foil to Macbeth; his integrity directly contrasts with Macbeth’s moral perversion. [3] In an exchange between the Scottish thane Lennox and another lord, Lennox talks of Macduff’s flight to England and refers to him as â€Å"some holy angel† (3. 6. 6) who â€Å"may soon return to this our suffering country / Under a hand accursedà ¢â‚¬  (3. 6. 48-49). The play positions the characters of Macduff and Macbeth as holy versus evil. The contrast between Macduff and Macbeth is accentuated by their approaches to death. Macduff, hearing of his family’s death, reacts with a tortured grief. His words, â€Å"But I must also feel it as a man† (4. 3. 223), indicate a capacity for emotional sensitivity. While Macbeth and Lady Macbeth insist that manhood implies a denial of feeling (1. 7. 45-57), Macduff insists that emotional depth and sensitivity are part of what it means to be a man.This interpretation is supported by Macduff’s reaction upon his discovery of Duncan’s corpse and the echo of Macduff’s words when Macbeth responds to the news of Lady Macbeth’s death. Macduff struggles to find the words to express his rage and anguish, crying, â€Å"O horror, horror, horror† (2. 3. 59). In some stage interpretations, Macduff’s character transitions from a state of shock to one of frenzied alarm. [4] This contrasts starkly with Macbeth’s famous response to the announcement of his wife’s death: â€Å"She should have died hereafter / There would have been a time for such a word / Tomorrow, and tomorrow, and tomorrow† (5. . 17-19). Macbeth’s words seem to express a brutal indifference–she would have died anyway–and perhaps even suggest that he has lost the capacity to feel. Macduff as a moral figure Although Macduff comes to represent a type of â€Å"goodness† in the dark world of Macbeth, Shakespeare also allows for some instability in his character. This becomes most evident in 4. 3 when Macduff joins Malcolm in England. In this scene, the play has moved from the tumult in Scotland to England. In the exchange between the two Scotsmen, Malcolm is clearly in control and forces Macduff to examine and reconcile with himself his own moral code.In a moment of dramatic irony, Macduff begins the conversation urging Malcolm to fight for Scotland rather than to grieve, not knowing that Malcolm has already arranged for English military support (4. 3. 134-136). Malcolm manipulates Macduff, questioning his loyalty, facilitating his emotional responses, and testing to see how much Macduff’s, and perhaps the audience’s, morality can ultimately be compromised. Malcolm portrays Macbeth as a tyrant, but he positions himself, too, as someone morally repulsive. [4] He describes his own voluptuousness–the bottomless â€Å"cistern of [his] lust† (4. 3. 4)–and â€Å"staunchless avarice† (4. 3. 79). Macduff must decide whether he can accept Malcolm as an alternative to Macbeth. He does not give this answer until the final scene, addressing Malcolm, â€Å"Hail King† (5. 6. 20). By this point, however, Malcolm has â€Å"abjure[d] / The taints and blames I laid upon myself, / For strangers to my nature†(4. 3. 125-127). This shows that rather than spe aking truthfully about himself, Malcolm was simply testing Macduff to see where Macduff's loyalties were. Therefore, Macduff is right in accepting Malcolm Macduff (Macbeth) as king. Macduff may also be read as a precursor for ethical philosophy. 5] Macduff's flight from Scotland is a â€Å"spiritual reawakening†, with spirituality based around the truth, regardless of what it may be. Macduff constantly reexamines his values. In deciding to leave his family, Macduff deserts those values and pays bitterly for it. Macduff echoes sentiments of writers such as Plato and the later Thomas Hobbes, who claim that morality may only be judged to the extent that a person takes responsibility for his or her actions. Thus, because he accepts the burden of his decision to leave his family for political exploration, Macduff's actions can be justified. [5] 3 Macbeth and the fantasy of female powerOne of the themes that the play Macbeth wrestles with is the relationship between male vulnerabil ity and feminine influence. The play explores the fantasy of a female or maternal power as well as the desire of an escape from this influence. [6] Femaleness is to be feared and reviled, and to a certain extent, the play works to excise femininity and restore autonomous male or paternal power. However, the play also exposes the impossibility of the fantasy of absolute masculinity. After Macbeth derives much of his motivation from the Witches’ perceived promise of invincibility: that no man born of woman can kill him.He interprets the prophecy to mean he is untainted by femininity, as if femininity were the source of vulnerability. [6] Macbeth believes in his own invulnerability, claiming, â€Å"I bear a charmed life, which must not yield / To one of woman born† (Act V, scene 8). However, Macduff, born via caesarian section, exposes this fantasy as a fallacy. He replies to Macbeth: â€Å"Despair thy charm, / And let the angel whom thou still hast served / Tell thee, M acduff was from his mother’s womb / Untimely ripped† (Act V, scene 8).Though he may not have been of a woman born in the conventional sense (thus fulfilling the prophecy), Macduff ultimately originates from woman, asserting that he was â€Å"from his mother’s womb. † If, as Macbeth believes, true manhood cannot derive from or be tainted by femininity, then Macduff’s very existence fundamentally counters this idea. References [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] Bevington, David and William Shakespeare. Four Tragedies Bantam, 1988. Official Scottish Clans and Families (http:/ / www. electricscotland. com). Horwich, Richard. â€Å"Integrity in Macbeth: The Search for the ‘Single State of Man. † Rosenberg, Marvin. The Masks of Macbeth. University of California Press, 1978. Hennedy, John F. â€Å"Macduff's Dilemma: Anticipation of Existentialist Ethics in Macbeth. † Adelman, Janet. â€Å"Escaping the Matrix: The Construction of Masculinity in Ma cbeth and Coriolanus. † Suffocating mothers: fantasies of maternal origin in Shakespeare's plays. Routledge, 1992. External links †¢ Macbeth: Folio Version (http://internetshakespeare. uvic. ca/Annex/Texts/Mac/F1/Work) †¢ Macbeth: Full-text online (http://shakespeare. mit. edu/macbeth/full. html) Article Sources and Contributors 4 Article Sources and ContributorsMacduff (Macbeth)   Source: http://en. wikipedia. org/w/index. php? oldid=542149214   Contributors: 2A01:388:201:3030:E4B5:F56E:CE1B:5242, Agricolae, Akira625, Alansohn, Alex2706, Andrei Iosifovich, Andrew Hampe, Ashton1983, Australian Matt, Benjamin Geiger, Bucklesman, Byron Farrow, Cntras, David Gerard, Deskford, Dwanyewest, Escape Orbit, Finavon, Fitnr, Focus, Girlwithgreeneyes, Huw Powell, IllaZilla, ItsLassieTime, John of Lancaster, Jupiter Optimus Maximus, KGasso, Kabartlett, Kierant, Kyaa the Catlord, Lentower, Lordrosemount, Luki9875, MarnetteD, Mhardcastle, Mhockey, Monkeyzpop, Nashikawa, NatureA 16, Omarworld87, P.S. Burton, PC78, Paul Bedson, Pegship, Philip Trueman, Pjweller, Poeloq, Red-eyed demon, Roregan, SAGE01, Saga City, Smalljim, Speedevil, Stefanomione, Stephenb, Steven Zhang, ThinkBlue, Tiria, Tommy2010, Treybien, UltimateCoach, Wangyingyun, Warofdreams, Woohookitty, Wrad, Xover, 115 anonymous edits License Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3. 0 Unported //creativecommons. org/licenses/by-sa/3. 0/

Human Rights and Refugees essay

Human Rights and Refugees essay Human Rights and Refugees essay Human Rights and Refugees essayThe current research proposal focuses on the analysis of the current situation in the refugee policy in Brazil compared to the general policies and practices applied to refugees internationally. The research proposal aims at the revelation of specificities of policies conducted by Brazil in relation to refugees and the integration of refugees into local communities in Brazil2 Objectives of the local integration projectThe major objectives of the local integration project is the integration of refugees arriving to the country, namely Brazil, into local communities, where they can start their normal social life.Local integration as a durable solution combines three dimensions:Firstly, it is a legal process, whereby refugees attain a wider range of rights in the host state.Secondly, it is an economic process of establishing sustainable livelihoods and a standard of living comparable to the host community.Thirdly, it is a social and cultural process of adap tation and acceptance that enables the refugees to contribute to the social life of the host country and live without fear of discrimination3 MethodologyThe current study will involve experts and professionals working in Brazilian government agencies, especially those responsible for immigration policies in Brazil. Experts involved in the study should have profound knowledge and understanding of refugee policies and practices at the international and local level, preferably with the experience of working in Brazil. Professionals working in government agencies should also be qualified and have sufficient experience to provide the competent information on the current refugee policies conducted by Brazil.4 General observations in relation to integration of refugees in Brazil  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   4.1 National integration policy and international cooperationThe national integration policy is crucial for the integration of refugees into local communities. Countries are normally expected to int egrate refugees, who are seeking asylum on their territories. The international cooperation is essential for effective refugees policies because refugees have to move internationally and, even if the target country refuses from providing them with the refugee status, the country should not expose their life and health or those of their relatives to threat extraditing them to their home countries.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   4.2 Respect of refugees’ rights and access to informationThe country conducting refugee policies should respect refugees’ rights and provide them with the access to information on their rights and liberties.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   4.3 Language skillsAs a rule, refugees have poor language skills and may need the assistance of interpreter to maintain their communication with the authorities. The further integration of refugees normally involves language courses and development of basic language skills to facilitate the integration of refugees into local communities.     Ã‚  Ã‚   4.4 Resettlement needsRefugees face urgent resettlement needs because, as a rule, they arrive to the country, where they seek asylum without property and little, if any, money. In such a situation, the government or NGOs should provide refugees with assistance to help them resettle and start a new life in the new country.5 Country specific analysis and recommendations to Brazil  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   5.1 IntroductionAt the moment, Brazil is one of the target destinations for refugees in Latin America. A large part of refugees arriving to Brazil are of Latin America origin as they flee from wars, political prosecutions, and violation of their basic human rights in their home countries. However, as a rule, refugees flee to Brazil in search of asylum to save their life and health or those of their family members. Refugees also arrive from Africa and Asia.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   5.2 Legislation and documentsRefugees should have travelling visas to travel to Brazil, where they can claim f or asylum, while the decision on their status and further extradition or providing them with the refugee status is taken by the local authorities.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   5.3 Educational qualifications of refugeesAs a rule, the educational qualification of refugees arriving to Brazil is low. They are either semi- or low-qualified employees working in agricultural sector mainly, although there are cases when well-qualified refugees may flee to Brazil, especially in case of political repressions in their home countries.5.4 Employment and employment servicesEmployment is a challenge for refugees in Brazil. As they have the low qualification they face the tight competition from the part of local employees. In addition, they may have poor language skills that deteriorates their competitive position in the labor market. Cultural differences between refugees and local communities can cause communication gaps. Therefore, they may have difficulties with employment and they need the assistance of emp loyment services in Brazil.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   5.5 HousingRefugees face the housing problem because they have no real estate in Brazil and they do not have money to purchase or even hire dwelling. Hence, either the government or NGOs should provide them with the assistance to support for certain period until they get an opportunity to hire or buy their own dwelling.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   5.6 Social benefits and pensionsOften, refugees are deprived of social benefits and pensions that Brazilian citizens can benefit from. In such situation, the government assistance and support from the part of NGOs becomes crucial for them.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   5.7 HealthSimilarly to social benefits, health care services are also costly and often unavailable to refugees because they cannot cover costs of health care services. Therefore they rely heavily on the government support and NGOs, which can assist them providing them with basic health care services.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   5.8 Legal counseling and capacity of NGOs As refugees seek for asylum in Brazil, they arrive to the country being unaware of specificities of the local legislation, especially refugee and immigration legislation. They are even unaware of their basic human rights and liberties, which they can exercise in Brazil. Hence, they need legal counseling and NGOs often provide them with such services.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   5.9 Naturalization procedures/ citizenshipThe naturalization procedures and obtaining of citizenship in Brazil is complex but easier compared to well-developed countries, such as the US or Canada, for instance. On the other hand, Brazil cannot always afford providing asylum for refugees because of the lack of financial resources and funding of refugee programs.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   5.10 Local community relationsRefugees in Brazil may face problems with local communities because they are outsiders and they need time and efforts to adapt to the life in the new socio-cultural environment, while many local community members view refugees as rivals in gaining social benefits granted by the government and rivals in the local labor market. In addition, the lack of language competence and cultural differences may create communication gaps but the local population is basically tolerant to refugees and immigrants.6 ConclusionThe current situation in Brazil needs the detailed study of refugee policies because refugees have multiple needs, which the local authorities and NGOs cannot always meet.