Ancient Civilizations - 1009 Words

Ancient Civilizations Ancient Civilizations were more pronounced in the Bronze Age. This historical period lies between 4000 to 1200 BCE. Ostensibly, these civilizations were triggered by the onset of irrigations systems, which concomitantly increased food and water supply. Irrigation schemes and availability of food set precedence for people tens of thousands of people to live together in a common geographical location. Cities, states, and centrally developed kingdoms developed. From historical facts gathered, it is believed that the earliest civilization began in Mesopotamia and Egypt about 4000 BCE and 3500 BCE respectively. In this study, focus is on the developments in civilizations that can be recognized from writing and laws of Mesopotamia and Egypt (Charpin 47). Before focusing on the civilization in Mesopotamia and Egypt, it is essential to understand some of the characteristic features of this civilization. According to Brophy James et al, there are ten main indicators of civilization. They include irrigation agriculture, organized religions and places of worship, social stratification or classes, metallurgy or Bronze Age civilizations, increase in commercial activities such as trade, city or states, and monumental architecture (Brophy et al, 72). Mesopotamian Civilization Mesopotamia Civilization describes the cultures that flourished in the present day Iraq between 4000 and 1600 BCE. The Sumerians inhabited this place and came up with the culture ofShow MoreRelatedAncient Civilization Of Ancient Civilizations2605 Words   |  11 Pagesevent or celebrate or revere a person or God. Mayan stelae monuments are monuments that were fashioned by the Maya civilization of ancient Mesoamerica. They consist of tall sculpted stone shafts and In ancient Maya society, cosmological beliefs encompassed all aspects of life and integrated individuals into a unitary worldview and culture. Inspired by their beliefs, Mayan civilization created some of the most intricate monuments, decorated in colors and hieroglyphics that depicted important imageryRead MoreThe Ancient Civilization1622 Words   |  7 Pagesadvanced civilization is perhaps the most intriguing story of all.To understand what causes great civilizations, it is vital to note the process of collapse in other civilizations, such as the great Roman Empire. Differences in time period, geographical landscapes, and other circumstances mean no direct correlations are possible, but the outstanding point of similarity is that no single factor accounts for a large civilization s collapse. One similarity between these two civilizations is the processRead MoreMayan Civilization : Ancient Civilizations1314 Words   |  6 PagesMayan Civilization The mayan civilization was one of the earliest civilizations that occupied areas that are today known as Guatemala, Northern Belize, and Mexico. The mayan civilization lived through what is known as the Classic Period. Their culture began about 250 C.E. and ended near 900 C.E. While most of the population lived in what is present day Guatemala the population of the mayans rose from 5,000 to almost two million people near the end of the Classic Period. Although the mayans are knownRead MoreThe Differences Between Ancient And Ancient Civilizations1017 Words   |  5 PagesThe different civilizations around the world all have different religions and beliefs. Some may be derived from a past culture and some may be thought up on their own, but they all have a way of doing things regarding their religion. From sacrificing food for their gods, praying to their gods, and building temples in honor of the gods, a civilization can have many different ways to worship the gods and remain devote d to their religion. The three specific religions from the Sumerian, Egyptian, andRead MoreEssay on Ancient American Civilizations635 Words   |  3 PagesAncient American Civilizations Cultural development can be separated into three categories of increasing intellect and complexity. Tribal is the lowest form of civilization, Chiefdom the intermediate level, and finally the state level, which represents the highest form of civilization in Ancient America. The tribal band represented the basic primitive level of civilization. In Ancient America, the tribal level was a loose association of bands or villages. TheRead MoreThe Mayan Civilization : Ancient Civilization1425 Words   |  6 PagesThe Mayan Civilization: For many centuries the Mayan was of life was a mystery to archaeologists. Their geography, social structure, government, economy/trade, technology, writing, and arts were all thought to be forever lost. Now, as archaeologists are still uncovering more information, what was once referred to as â€Å"The Lost Civilization of Maya†, has been awakened from the grave of unknown. Geography: The ancient Mayan Civilization surrounded by the Gulf of Mexico and the Pacific Ocean stretchedRead MoreThe Civilizations Of Ancient Civilization1178 Words   |  5 Pages Civilization, derived from the latin word â€Å"civis† meaning â€Å"citizen†, or simply someone who lives in a city. However, what is the difference between a group of people who live in a town and our modern concept of civilization. To find the answer to that question we can turn to the civilizations of ancient times. The beginning of civilization as we know it began in the Neolithic era. This era began with a very distinct change to the way of life, from the old way of migrating constantly to whereverRead MoreAncient Civilizations And The Egyptian Civilization1403 Words   |  6 PagesWilliam McNeill, author of A World History, is in accordance with the belief that ancient civilizations who were in constant contact with conflict and war could develop a more advanced system of law, bureaucracy, an d market prices. By that logic, Mesopotamia would have been far more advanced than Egypt. For example, Mesopotamia frequented attacks from barbarians because of the lay of the land. They also had trouble controlling war between centers of industry due to the inevitable struggle with theRead MoreAncient Egyptian Civilization : Ancient Civilization930 Words   |  4 PagesThe ancient Egyptian civilization is one of the oldest known civilizations in history. It is believed that the ancient Egyptian civilization, based in eastern North Africa, started around 3150 B.C., and survived until 31 B.C. In this ancient civilization, art was considered to be magical. Whether in the form of painting, sculpture, carving or script, art held the power to maintain universal order and grant immortal life by appealing to various gods to act on behalf of people, both in life and inRead MoreWomen in Ancient Civilizations1340 Words   |  6 PagesThe role of women in different civilizations, even though on different spectrums of the world, had many similarities and only a few differences. Women in these four civilizations: Greece, Egypt, China, and India faced many of the same hardships, struggles, and prejudices. Some of this treatment of women didnt even end until present day (1920s). In some of these civilizations women were able to rise up somewhat in their communities but it didnt come without some kind of interference. When it came

Racism A Historical And Social Construct - 1815 Words

Racism: A Historical and Social Construct in America â€Å"Racism is the belief that characteristics and abilities can be attributed to people simply on the basis of their race and that some racial groups are superior to others. Racism and discrimination have been used as powerful weapons encouraging fear or hatred of others in times of conflict, [or] war, the fight for civil rights, and during economic downturns† (Shah). Racism has evolved throughout the years, yet still remains pervasive and highly oppressive. We are taught at an early age that we are all created equal, however as people grow, many tend to believe otherwise. This semester, our textbook has shown us racism taking root in our country from the day Columbus arrived, well into the 1830’s, and has provided principles that are still relevant today. Throughout the years covered in our reading assignments, David Walker’s â€Å"An Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World,† William Apess’ â€Å"An Indian’s Looking-Glass for the Whi te Man,† Christopher Columbus’ â€Å"Letter of Columbus,† and Samson Occom’s â€Å"A Short Life Narrative,† all works provide personal accounts demonstrating the growth of racism in America ranging from the years 1451 to 1829. When Christopher Columbus made his first voyage to what is now known as the Americas, an opportunity presented itself for the cultures of both Europe and the Americas to flourish. The result of his so called â€Å"discovery† was neither glorious nor heroic in the eyes of many Natives andShow MoreRelated Racism: A Historical and Social Construct in America Essay2951 Words   |  12 PagesRacism, will it ever end? The answer is probably not. The United States of America was set up on the basis of race. Even many years ago European settlers looked down upon the Native Americans as inferior. 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To begin, the construct of social realityRead MoreEssay about Excerpt of The Morphing of Whiteness in America706 Words   |  3 Pagesrepresents the racial categorization of â€Å"white†. Vacillating between racial portrayals of â€Å"whiteness†, embodying a divergence between the fluidity of historic and social transformation and a disingenuous reflection of bigotry, disrespect, and intolerance, Duster distinguishes race as a compilation of divergent biochemical, neurological, and social identities (Duster n.d.). Cognizant of concessions shown to the â€Å"white† race, Duster denotes an inevitability to refute the moral reality of â€Å"white’ exclusivityRead MoreThe Differences Between Race And Race869 Words   |  4 Pagesexists only as a sort of construct that humans create in order to classify each other and make assumptions based upon these classifications. In many ways, this assertion holds merit. 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The economic cost of discriminationRead MoreRole of Racial Categories in the United States1599 Words   |  6 Pagesor not black enough by people with various agendas attached to their concept of black Americans. The public perception of Obama, and Obamas reaction to that perception, is interesting, because many people in America have become complacent about racism. While the 20th century was a time of significant racial conflict, in which many times oppressed groups of people were rising up against oppressors, in a wide range of political movements, the 21st century has been less vocal about racial oppressionRead MoreIs Homelessness Not Just A Problem?1714 Words   |  7 Pageschallenge to social justice. Through the tenets of the Critical Race Theory, it’s been statistically qualified and quantified that minority groups are frequently targeted and suffer from socioeconomic neglect, resulting in homelessness. The Lack of equal access to supportive political policies, as well as, economics, healthcare, mental health care, and other resources that are vital to survival. Yet this group of people continue to display resilience. It’s the civic duty of the social worker communit yRead MoreSociological Theories Of Prejudice And Racism1645 Words   |  7 PagesSociological Theories of Prejudice and Racism Functionalist theory argues for race and ethnic relations to be functional and thus supply to the melodic conduct and strength of society, racial and ethnic minorities must assimilate into that society. Assimilation is a process by which a minority becomes socially, economically, and culturally absorbed within the dominant society. The assimilation perspective assumes that to become fully fledged members of society, alternative groups must adopt as muchRead MoreA Brief Note On Social Construction Of Race Essay1378 Words   |  6 PagesSocial Construction of Race One of the social reforms that are argued to have been achieved by the contemporary society is acknowledged that all people within the society are equal irrespective of some socio-cultural differences such as race. The view that all persons are equal is ingrained in the society and supported by an array of a legal framework. One of the supporting legal frameworks is the United Nations Declaration of Human Rights, which asserts that all persons must be treated with equalityRead MoreTeaching Freedom : Education For Liberation953 Words   |  4 Pagesby giving me insight on an array of pedagogical principles in liberatory education. From citizenship schools, to freedom schools, to African-centered institution the encouragement of conscientization and collaboration led to a breaking dominate constructs and being autonomous. As I reflected on the text, I began to consider what the meaning of knowledge, what it really is and how the use of knowledge is political and powerful. The goal of liberatory education is provoke a shift in dominant paradigms

Evaluates Supply Chain Management Of Qantas-Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Evaluates Supply Chain Management Of Qantas? Answer: Introduction Sustainability is regarded as the only strategy to attain success in future. Awareness related to sustainability has increased in the last two decades. Business is now focused on attaining social, economic and environmental sustainability in order to create long-term benefits(Dancu, 2013). Sustainability in business requires leadership commitment, employee engagement, attaining effective production and resource management strategy and a supportive organizational culture. However, presently sustainability in the supply chain has also become quite important as it extends the firm's internal resources to external ones. Sustainability in supply chain increases its capability and ability to assess, utilize and assimilate external resources to facilitate the business process (Lee et al., 2016). This report would critically evaluate the supply chain management of Qantas to identify its sustainable approach towards development. Descriptive profile of Qantas Qantas is the Australia's largest domestic and international airline founded in the year 1920. The organization has a strong brand reputation in terms of excellence, safety, operational reliability, and maintenance and customer service. Qantas is the brand of Qantas Group that provides services related to the transportation of the customers. The portfolio of the subsidiary business of this Groups ranges from Qantas Freight Enterprises to Qantas Frequent Flyer. The organization employs nearly 30,000 people in the world. In the year 2015, Qantas earned revenue of A$ 25.8 billion with the operating income of A$975 million. There are especially six types of fleets offered by this company to cater the needs of different customers(Qantas.com, 2017). Qantas has always focused on attaining sustainability in their business. The business has made strong progress in reducing the environmental impact on the business. The organization has included the global sustainability indices and accolade globally that highlighted it as a sustainable company. Qantas pursue to become an industry leader in terms of environmental sustainability. The organization has attained fuel efficiency by reducing the consumption of fuel by 1.5% each year. The organization has aimed to attain carbon neutral growth from 2020 and reduce emission by 50% within 2020(Qantas , 2012). Qantas has attained sustainability in terms of its operation. It has pioneered in fuel-efficient flight navigation technology. However, very little has been discussed about its efficiency in supply chain management and hence it is for this reason Qantas has been selected for this report. The rationale for selecting this organization is to assess the supply chain management (SCM) of this organization so that its approach to sustainability can be evaluated. The supply chain of this organization includes different policies and procedures to make the procurement and delivery process effective for the business by satisfying the customers. Detailed Analysis of SCM practices of Qantas Supply Chain Management (SCM) is associated with the learning and innovating capacity of the organization. Effective management of supply chain requires environment, social and collaborative capability on the part of the business. SCM require co-development and collaborative practices that help in transferring operational as well as organizational knowledge to the supply chain partners(Ralston et al., 2015). Qantas has worked to improve its logistic strategy to become socially responsible. Many of the logistics and systems of Qantas are in-house and this includes the catering and systems. The most important item, which was to be sourced by Qantas, is the fuel. The instability in the price of fuel makes it essential for the company to focus on proper procurement strategy. Procurement The supply chain of Qantas began with the procurement of the fuel. The procurement strategy of Qantas is focused on maximizing the value of the shareholders. The procurement of Qantas is attained through a disciplined, systematic and ongoing process to achieve reliable and ethical supply of the goods and services that are purchased externally. Qantas Group purchases different quantities of goods and services that may range from stationary to aircraft(Qantas.com, 2017). 60% of the revenue of the company is spent on the suppliers while procuring them. To carry out the procurement ethically, Qantas has developed Procurement Policy that aims to: Acquire goods and services that meet the specifications and are delivered within time at globally competitive prices Obtaining value for money at total cost basis Focus on consistent procurement processes Reduction of operational, legal, financial and sustainable risks Qantas has focused on Supplier Relationship Management to obtain a win-win outcome (Qantas.com, 2017). The procurement process of the fuel for Qantas has been illustrated below: Figure 1: Procurement of Fuel Source: (Qantas.com, 2017) Green Procurement policy through biofuel feasibility has reduced the environmental impact. Development of biofuel feedstock has helped to absorb the carbon dioxide that resulted from the production and distribution chain. Inbound and Outbound Supply Chains for Qantas Inbound and outbound supply chain deals with obtaining the raw material from the suppliers and then processing and augmenting them in output to provide the final service to the customers (Sainathuni et al., 2014). The inbound logistic of Qantas include the Route Selection, Passenger Service System, Yield Management System, Facilities Planning. The outbound logistic includes Barrage system, flight connection and hotel reservation system. Figure 2: Inbound and Outbound Supply Chain Source: (Ran, 2008) Qantas has improved its inbound supply chain by developing its own website that helps the customers to connect with them. Qantas has provided the customers with the freedom to select their meals, route and book cars in the destination city.The modes of payment are made easier by allowing the customers to make payment through different online procedures. For the IT support in the Passenger Service System, Qantas outsource to Amadeus. Amadeus is an IT company that offers PSS support to different Airlines in Australia. Recently, Qantas has made collaboration with Travel Intelligence Solution in order to reduce the disruption of the operation occurring external events like bad weather or air traffic congestion. With the help of this tool, the quick decision for cancelling and delaying flights can be made(Karryon.com.au, 2015). Yield Management System has helped Qantas to reduce seat vacancies. The yield managers utilise statistical data for forecasting booking in future. Qantas include an IT team that uses seat pricing system obtained specialist suppliers called PROS to expand the price range that also helped in increasing the profitability of the company(Smith, 2015). For yield management, Qantas put stress on the notion of overbooking, price initiative, discount allocations and traffic management. Amadeus Software system is used for flight and the crew scheduling that makes use mathematical calculation for allocating the shift hours to the crew. Qantas purchases its own aircraft for creating long-term benefits. Q Catering and Snap Fresh are the catering group of Qantas. They are the leading manufacturer of the meal and meal components. Q catering has national procurement, purchasing and forecasting system. The specialist in the catering group has a strong understanding of the market trends, seasonal produce and make a commitment to cost control. To ensure the best possible delivery of food to the customers, Q Catering has invested in fleet and operation to include refrigerated vehicles and a dedicated transport team (Qantas.com.au, 2017). Value Chain of Qantas The value chain of Qantas includes Frequent Flyer Program, Jetset Travel Would, components of the outbound supply chain, Qantas engineering, QantasLINK and customers. To deliver the best possible service to the customers, Qantas loyalty points to the customers that can be summed up to obtain a free flight. Qantas Frequent Flyer is the most well-known loyalty program that 7.2 million members. Qantas Engineering is part of Qantas Group. It possesses international reputation for operational excellence that employs around 5500 people in Australia and in different parts of the country. The engineering facilities of Qantas have their bases in Melbourne, Sydney, Brisbane and Avalon. They have enabled Qantas to attain efficiency in quality engineering, supply chain and maintenance thereby creating competitive advantage in the market(Qantas.com, 2017). Qantas has presently focused on developing Supply Chain Improvement Program that has helped in improving the service delivery to the customers through the four new initiatives (Qantas Freight, 2014): Development of electronic air waybill system to reduce the use of paper Improvement of quality management through business analytics Mobile site and smart apps to improve customer relationship and experience Customer self-serve kiosks The Supply Chain Management Approach of Qantas has focused on cost-effective production through reduced inventory, increasing the speed of transaction and enhancing the satisfaction of the customers. SCM has been the successful operational strategy for Qantas for global sourcing and logistics. Sustainability of current SCM Practices Sustainable supply chain mainly integrates the financially as well as environmentally viable practices in all over supply chain life cycle that means from the creation of the product design to the consumption and disposal of the product. A sustainable supply chain management not only reduces the all over carbon footprint but it also helps the organisation to optimise their operation for achieving cost efficiency. Qantas has an effective inbound and outbound logistic system and they have numbers of suppliers from which they are receiving goods such as food related products, fuel and other related services with cost efficiency. Qantas has an effective planning as well as forecasting system that helps in managing materials as well as reducing the wastages. For increasing sustainability in the supply chain practices, Qantas can take several steps in moving towards the supply chain. However, Qantas is well aware regarding environmental issues but they are not currently aware regarding the sustainable practices followed by their suppliers for which they are facing issues because they are not maintaining the environment-friendly product. For planning the labour requirements as well as production, the national enterprise resource planning linking with the catering services so that they are an outside organisation based upon which catering and planning system is dependent. Therefore, for increasing sustainability in the supply chain, it is important for Qantas for increasing their understanding regarding the environment related performances of the suppliers. Qantas must observe whether the product or services received from their suppliers are creating low environmental impact or not. For the reduction of the environmental impact, it is mandatory for the Qantas to discuss their expectation with their suppliers so that they can understand the environment sustainabilit y related policy of Qantas and take action regarding this. In this case, the vision of Qantas must be discussed with the entire shareholders that mean from suppliers to the customers so that a good and sustainable supply chain can be implemented in the organisation(Sustainable-scf.org, 2017). After determining the target suppliers for the businesses, it is important for Qantas to set some benchmarking strategy so that they can apply an effective and sustainable supply chain management strategy. In this step, Qantas must state an effective waste management strategy to their suppliers and along with that they must describe their fuel requirement to their suppliers so that their supplier can supply bio fuel to Qantas (Greenbiz.com, 2017).The main reason behind the selection of bio fuel for operating their flight is decreasing the environmental impact regarding their operations. However, catering services of Qantas demanded that they supply good quality product in a cost effective way but there may be some situation when the food prepared by the Q Catering can be excess that can create the possibility of food wastage (Qantas.com.au, 2017).Therefore, Qantas should encourage their vendors to follow green waste management strategy or effective refrigerate system so that the amount of food waste can be reduced. For the achievement of sustainability, Qantas should follow the benchmarking strategy based upon the environmental sustainable strategy followed by the suppliers that mean u tilisation of the bio fuel and good waste management strategy. However, only the utilisation of bio fuel cannot increase fuel efficiency that means it cannot decrease harsh environmental impact (Qantas.com, 2017). Along with that, it is also important to encourage the suppliers who supply aeroplane part to create energy efficient engine so that bad impact on the environment can be reduced. If Qantas will be successful to achieve this result then they will be able to reduce the emission of the carbon-di-oxide that will help to reduce total green house gas emission. The suppliers must be encouraged to develop the technology so that the noise level can be decreased because sounds of aircraft create noise pollution. Following a good strategy to manage waste decreases the costs of food that not only satisfies the customers but also the organisation by increasing the flow of customers. Therefore, Qantas should encourage their suppliers to follow just in time approach to decrease the food wastes. After the development of the baseline for the supplier performances, it is mandatory for the Qantas to develop an effective capacity building and training program. This step is highly important because it helps in driving the behavioural related changes and improves the sustainability in the supply chain (Qantas , 2012).For the implementation of sustainability, Qantas should transfer the knowledge to suppliers so that effective supply chain can be leveraged. For transferring the knowledge, Qantas should arrange an effective training strategy so that they can provide a clear overview regarding the sustainable practices of the organisation. After the provision of good training program and development of an understanding related to good performance regarding baseline of suppliers, Qantas should measure the performance of their suppliers in a different time. For measuring the performance of suppliers, it is mandatory to conduct an effective market audit. After implementation of the marke t audit program implemented by the Qantas, it is mandatory to develop as well as execute different corrective actions with the help of developing a clear communication of results. After the conduction of audit, if it has been observed that the supplier shows the greatest level of result in maintaining environmental sustainability then Qantas must accept them, otherwise, they should terminate those suppliers in case of non-compliance. During the improvement of the performances of suppliers, it is mandatory to provide a reward to some suppliers who show their greatest level of concerns in driving the sustainability related performances. Encouraging the suppliers to maintain transparency in their operations and providing more awards for the maintenance of the sustainability can increase improvement in sustainability. There are so many organisations that think challenges regarding supply chain cannot be resolved by any individual effort and for this purposes collaboration in all over the industry is mandatory. These collaborations in all over the industry are important because it helps in preventing the fatigue regarding audit and it also helps in avoiding redundancy regarding training. Conclusion From the above discussion, it can be clearly stated that it is highly important for any airline industry to maintain environmental sustainability because every aeroplane emits a huge amount of green house gases that cause harm to the environment. Despite following a good and clean catering service, transparency in accepting fuel from suppliers, any airline based company can face issues to meet the environmental sustainability because of the operation of airline organisation creates a huge amount of green house gases. For this purposes, following a good and sustainable approach by Qantas is important because it decreases the bad impact on the environment and helps to maintain operation in a cost effective way. With the help of application of sustainable operation, Qantas can create a good brand image of their organisation that can increase the number of customers in their organisation. Therefore, profitability can increase in their organisation. Conduction of sustainability initiative of feedback analysis: In most of the cases, organisation initiates sustainability without any kind of in-detailed analysis. Therefore, lack of thorough analysis before implementing the sustainability can create issues for the organisation. Therefore, for the improvement of the sustainable strategy to maintain their operation, Qantas must assess future performance of the sustainable strategy. For understanding the impact of the sustainable strategy for the organisation, it is imperative to initiate a feedback loop so that the impact of sustainable approach on the stakeholders can be understood. This recommendation is highly helpful to create a high-performance sustainable strategy. Streamlining and simplifying the management process and initiatives of sustainable approach: It is seen that most of the sustainability related approaches destroyed after a shorter time. The reason behind that is applied sustainable approach has a very lesser association with corporate strategy of the company. For resolving these issues, Qantas should measure the success of sustainable approach and they should implement the sustainable approach of their organisation by considering the corporate strategy of the organisation. According to the corporate strategy of Qantas, they must simplify their sustainable approach and implement it in their organisation so that the sustainable strategy can be successful and create best results in terms of profitability. After deciding the sustainable approach, it is mandatory to communicate the approach with their stakeholders so that they can provide their highest possible effort to achieve environmental sustainability. Create an effective partnership with vendors to implement sustainability: Rather than taking services from the suppliers, it is more effective to apply the vertical integration strategy because it provides a greater level of sustainability. Therefore, in order to encourage the suppliers to implement the environmentally sustainable strategy in their end product, it is important for the Qantas to create a good partnership with the vendors or suppliers. For the improvement of process and achievement of a better level of services, it is imperative to create a good partnership with the vendors. This is because, when the suppliers will observe that they are participating in generating more profit for them with the help of environmentally sustainable approaches, then they will be more motivated towards the application of the implementation of sustainability. However, before creating a partnership, Qantas must judge the financial condition of their suppliers so that they can achieve competitive advantage. References Dancu, , 2013. The sustainable company: new challenges. Theoretical and Applied Economics, 9(586), pp.7-26. Greenbiz.com, 2017. 6 steps for a more sustainable supply chain. [Online] Available at: https://www.greenbiz.com/blog/2014/01/24/6-steps-more-sustainable-supply-chain [Accessed 21 August 2017]. Karryon.com.au, 2015. Qantas has turned to Amadeus. [Online] Available at: https://karryon.com.au/industry-news/airline/qantas-turns-amadeus/ [Accessed 2017]. Lee, J.S., Kim, S.K. Lee, S.Y., 2016. Sustainable Supply Chain Capabilities: Accumulation, Strategic Types and Performance. 2016).Sustainability, 8(6), p.503. Qantas , 2012. OUR COMMITMENT TO ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY. Qantas Freight, 2014. How Qantas Freight Transformed Customer Experience Using Mobile Technologies. St Leonards: IBM Australia. Qantas.com.au, 2017. Q-Catering. [Online] Available at: https://www.qantas.com.au/qcatering/supply-chain/index.html [Accessed 2017]. Qantas.com, 2017. Creating a sustainable future with aviation biofuels. [Online] Available at: https://www.qantas.com/travel/airlines/sustainable-aviation-fuel/global/en [Accessed 2017]. Qantas.com, 2017. Engineering and Maintenance. [Online] Available at: https://www.qantas.com/travel/airlines/engineering/global/en [Accessed 2017]. Qantas.com, 2017. Qantas: Our Company. [Online] Available at: https://www.qantas.com/travel/airlines/company/global/en [Accessed 2017]. Qantas.com, 2017. Qantas: Procurement. [Online] Available at: https://www.qantas.com/travel/airlines/purchasing-policy/global/en [Accessed 2017]. Qantasnewsroom.com.au, 2013. QANTAS WINS TOP ENVIRONMENTAL AWARD. [Online] Available at: https://www.qantasnewsroom.com.au/media-releases/qantas-wins-top-environmental-award/ [Accessed 2017]. Ralston, P.M., Blackhurst, J., Cantor, D.E. Crum, M.R., 2015. A Structureconductperformance perspective of how strategic supply chain integration affects firm performance. Supply Chain Management, 51, pp.47-64. Ran, W.E.I., 2008. Features and the Current Situation of Aviation Logistics Service Chain. Logistics Technology, 1, p.008. Sainathuni, B., Parikh, P.J., Zhang, X. Kong, N., 2014. The warehouse-inventory-transportation problem for supply chains. , pp. European Journal of Operational Research, 237(2), pp.690-700. Smith, P., 2015. Qantas invests in new technology to maximise its ticket prices. [Online] Available at: https://www.afr.com/technology/qantas-invests-in-new-technology-to-maximise-its-ticket-prices-20150416-1mmm0h [Accessed 2017]. Sustainable-scf.org, 2017. Sustainable Supply Chain Foundation. [Online] Available at: https://www.sustainable-scf.org/ [Accessed 21 August 2017].

Eliminating Animal Testing free essay sample

Parker Persuasive Speech Animal Testing Topic: The inhumane use of animals fore testing. Specific purpose: To persuade my audience that animal testing should be eliminated. Central idea: As a citizen of this society, we need to support the elimination of animal testing. Introduction Attention getter: Did you know that, â€Å"About 20 million animals are experimented on and killed annually, three-fourths for medical purposes and the rest to test various products? (Andre and Velasquez, 2010) Credibility material: After thoroughly researching the inhumane use of animals for testing, I found that others needed to be more informed and acknowledge that animal testing needs to be stopped. Relevance to the audience: Most of us grew up using products like shampoo, conditioner, and household cleaning products. It was brought to my attention that we never considered how using these products could have an impact on animals. Being knowledgeable on this topic will enable you help the cause and ra ise awareness to others. We will write a custom essay sample on Eliminating Animal Testing or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Preview of speech: Animal testing is a rising and continuous problem. In this speech I will cover what animal testing is and the reasons it is done, the problem with animal testing; and finally, I will provide you with the alternatives that can be used to avoid animal testing. Transition: First, I will discuss the specifics on animal testing, and the reasons for which it is done. Body I. Animal testing refers to the experimentation on animals. A. It can be described as procedures that are done on living animals. Many of these procedures involve a great deal of suffering. It has been said that most of the animals that are experimented on are thrown away or re-used in other experiments. 1. According to the Humane Society International (2013) some of these procedures consist of: forced chemical exposure which can include oral force-feeding, forced breathing, and injections; exposure to drugs, chemicals or infectious disease at levels that cause illness, pain and distress, or death; long periods of physical restraint and deprivation of food and water, and many more. B. The testing of animals is done to help ensure the safety and efficiency of a variety of things. This includes everything from medication to cosmetics. 1. According to the People for Ethical Treatment of Animals (2013), animal testing is used for some cosmetics, personal care products, foods and beverages and household cleaning products, certain medications, and local university or hospitals that torment animals in cruel experiments. 2. Animal testing is also, performed to help scientist understand how the human body works. Transition: Let’s move on to some of the reasons it is such a huge problem in our society. * I want you to imagine yourself living inside a locked closet. You have no control over anything in your life, you can’t choose when and what you eat, how you will spend your time. You are being tested on and in physical pain all the time. You cant even decide when the lights go on or off. After a great amount of research, I have found that animal testing limits these animals to this kind of lifestyle. I find it to be is an extremely inhumane and cruel act. A. Animal testing causes both physical pain and psychological distress, and suffering on a great number of creatures that are alive and conscious. 1. The People for Ethical Treatment of Animals (2013) state that U. S. law allows animals to be burned, shocked, poisoned, isolated, starved, drowned, addicted to drugs, and brain-damaged. No experiment, no matter how painful or trivial, is prohibited – and pain-killers are not required 2. â€Å"An estimated eight million animals are used in pain inflicting experiments† (Andre and Velasquez, 2010). B. The People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (2013) also stated that, most of these pointless experiments are financed by the Federal Government using the public’s tax dollars . These precious dollars are being wasted on cruel and irrelevant experiments on animals instead of spending it on relevant human-based research, which will actually help the human race. 2. The fact that these tests only provide a slight understanding of how chemicals behave in the body, and in numerous cases do not accurately predict real-world human reactions proves that they are useless. Tr ansition: Next, I will discuss some of the alternatives that can be used as opposed to animal testing. * There are a numerous amount of alternatives that can be used to prevent esting on animals. A. â€Å"The Pharmagene laboratories have the opportunity to use solely human tissues and sophisticated computer technology to produce drug developments. † (People for the Ethical Treatment for Animals, 2013). 1. â€Å"With the support of molecular biology, biochemistry, and analytical pharmacology, Pharmagene are enabled the opportunity to conduct extensive studies of human genes and how drugs affect those genes† (People for the Ethical Treatment for Animals, 2013). 2. Pharmagene scientists believe this method of using human tissues is more efficient. B. The use of remaining human skin from surgical procedures or donated cadavers can be used to measure the amount of time it takes a chemical to pierce the skin† (People for the Ethical Treatment for Animals, 2013). C. Acc ording to the American Antivivisection Society (2013), the BCOP test method can be used to detect eye irritants. This method uses tissues obtained from slaughterhouses to replace the use of live animals. Transition: Finally, I will address some of the different opinions that others may have. * I know some of you may have doubts whether animal testing is cruel or inhumane. I can assure you it is. There are arguments made in two basic disciplines Science and Philosophy. A. The Pro-Test (2006) Association states that without animal research, medicine, as we know it today wouldnt exist. 1. This statement is untrue. In fact, there have been proven alternatives to prevent animal testing, some I just mentioned, Many scientist even argue they are more efficient and accurate. B. Some may even say, â€Å"they are just animals,† they question whether animals really have the same moral status as humans. 1. According to Santa Clara University (2010), the lives of all creatures, great and small, have value and are worthy of respect. This right to be treated with respect does not depend on ability to reason. a) An example of this may be an insane person. It is apparent that an insane person has a right to be treated with respect. Keep in mind that he or she may not be able to act rationally. Animals are very similar in this case. This proves that since they are in the same position, they should both be treated with respect. A right to be treated with respect should not depend on being a member of a certain species Conclusion Summary statement: I hope my speech today has offered you some insight into the crucial issue of animal testing. We have discussed the specifics of animal testing and the reason it is done. Also, I discussed the problems with animal testing; and the solutions that can be used to prevent it. Audience response statement: My purpose in giving this speech is to persuade you to eliminate the use of animal testing. WOW statement: So I’m going to leave you with this â€Å"Cruelty is one fashion statement we can all do without. † -Rue McClanahan. We can all make a difference. We all have the opportunity to help this cause. Thank you all. References American Anti-Vivisection Society. (2013). Testing Alternatives. Retrieved from: http://www. aavs. org/site/c. bkLTKfOSLhK6E/b. 6457337/k. 71E2/Testing_Alternatives. htm#. UZLouysjr4Q Andre, C. and Velasquez, M. (2010). Of Cures of Creatures Great and Small. Retrieved from: http://www. scu. edu/ethics/publications/iie/v1n3/cures. html Humane Society International. (2013). About Animal Testing. Retrieved from: http://www. hsi. org/ campaigns /end_animal_testing/qa/about. html Pro-Test. (2006). Benefits. Retrieved from: http://www. pro-test. rg. uk/facts. php? lt=c The People for Ethical Treatment of Animals. (2013). Animal Testing 101. Retrieved from: http://www. peta. org/issues/animals-used-for-experimentation/ animal-testing-101. aspx The People for Ethical Treatment of Animals. (2013). Alternatives: Testing Without Torture. Retrieved from: http://www. peta. org/issues/animals-used-for-experimentation/alterna tives-testing-without-torture. aspx The People for Ethical Treatment of Animals. (2013). Cruelty to Animals in Laboratories. Retrieved from: http://www. peta. org/issues/animals-used-for-experimentation/animals-in-laboratories. aspx

Typical Criteria Used When Making Decision Regarding a New Location

Location is the place where a business premise is situated or established. Making a decision on a region to set up a new enterprise can be a difficult task. Whatever the enterprise, there are numerous factors that play an essential role in determining a new location.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Typical Criteria Used When Making Decision Regarding a New Location specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More First, labor should be considered in terms of availability of skilled workers, their number and cost involved in procuring it. This is crucial as production should not be delayed. This factor is of high weight (Khanna 120) Supply of raw materials is the next factor to consider. Enterprises should be set up in area where there is quality supply of raw materials at reasonable cost; for example, the pottery industry should be located near river banks as it requires large quantity of clay to be produced therefore they should be set up near suppliers of raw materials (Kathleen 221). This will assist in reducing cost of transporting the materials and making sure that supplies are delivered on time. This factor is of medium weight as it is more crucial in manufacturing businesses. Proximity to the market is considered in terms of closeness to the target market. For instance, a product which targets young people should be situated where there is adequate population of the youth. For example, setting up a music store near student community like University of New York will provide the business with a ready market (Khanna 187). This factor is of high weight. Infrastructures, such as water, quality roads, rails and proximity to key airports, are also to be taken into account. This will help to minimize cost of transporting raw materials, labour and ready goods to the market (Talloo 57). Government assistance is the next issue to be considered. Government may offer incentives, such as loans, grants, or ta x incentives to businesses that are set up in certain designated areas. For example, in the USA, founders of Pacific Hotel were offered tax incentives in order to restore the historic building for the current use (Kathleen 124). Thus the premises set up in those designated regions gain from incentives given in those areas. This factor is of low weight because there are only few designated areas where such assistance is offered.Advertising Looking for assessment on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Local community considerations are also important as they focus on the local population and their preferences, while deciding on new locations for an enterprise (Talloo 59). For example, it is disadvantageous to the business to set up a cloth manufacturing company specializing in making Muslim hijab in New York. Under such a scenario, there will be a low demand for this produce as there are relatively not many Musl ims among the local population, thus this company will lack ready market for its clothes. This factor is of medium weight. Availability of land should also be considered, while setting up new premise. This is crucial as the organization may consider on expansion for raising the buildings, such as warehouses, garages, stores or other facilities (Kathleen 136). This factor carries medium weight. Environmental impact and effluent disposal should be considered, when coming up with a decision on new locations. For example, companies which emit poisonous substances should not be located near residential areas. This will help to avoid negative influence on the health of the residents as well as bringing suits against the company Khanna 189). This factor is of high weight. In conclusion, geographical location has a strong influence on the success of any new enterprise, and care must be exercised in making the decision on new locations by evaluating the above-mentioned factors. Works Cited K athleen, Allen. Entrepreneurship for Dummies. USA: Libraries Unlimited, 2005. Print. Khanna, Ravi. Production and Operations Management. India: PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd, 2007. PrintAdvertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Typical Criteria Used When Making Decision Regarding a New Location specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Talloo, Thelma. Business Organization and Management. India: Tata McGraw-Hill Education, 2007. Print. This assessment on Typical Criteria Used When Making Decision Regarding a New Location was written and submitted by user Korbin Banks to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Sample Proposal Essay

Sample Proposal EssayA sample proposal or sample essay is a concise yet comprehensive outline of your qualifications, special talents and relevant experience that helps recruiters to decide whether to hire you or not. However, it is necessary that you write a proposal that will help you stand out among the applicant pool.First of all, it is very important that you select the appropriate target audience for your proposal, and most likely, they are looking for specific qualities from you. Also, it is quite important that you select a topic that best fits the requirements of your prospective employer. There are several ways in which you can choose the right topic of a proposal.For example, you can use the target audience as an outline in order to develop your ideas and write a draft of your outline. When you outline the audience, you need to create a proposal that will help you target a specific group of people. You can use this outline as an outline for your full proposal.Another effec tive way to use a sample is to look for sample samples in magazines, books and journals. Usually, sample proposals that can be found in books and journals will help you come up with some ideas on how to present yourself to your employer.You can also consult your professional references who can provide you with valuable insight on how to present yourself to your employer. Your references can give you a sample of a proposal that can be used in order to present your qualifications and skills for a position that you are applying for.It is also essential that you carefully research the ideal person or organization for you. You can use the services of a recruiter to find out the right individual or organization for you.When you present your proposal to the recruiter, he will ask you questions such as how much of a salary you want, how long do you plan to stay in the company, and how much money do you have to spend on salary. If you want to find out more information about the company or in dividual that you are applying for, you can also get their contact information through the internet.

Bollywood vs. Hollywood essays

Bollywood vs. Hollywood essays When we think of the movie capital of the world we think of Hollywood, California. Actually, the worlds movie capital is in Bombay. This place is called Bollywood, which is the nickname for the Indian film industry. When comparing Hollywood and Bollywood there are more differences than similarities. We would assume that the United States produces more movies a year than anywhere else in the world. Bollywood is known to produce more than 800 films a year, when the United States produces half as many. Movies that are produced in India follow a format called masala. They are three to four hours long, where in the United States movies average about two hours in length. Other features of an Indian made movie include intermission, songs and dances, and most likely have a lot of sexual content and violence. Unlike Hollywood, Bollywoods film production center is government owned. In the United States it is common to hear of individual stars working on two or three films at once. In Bollywood it is common for an individual star to work on as many as ten films at once. Both Hollywood and Bollywood highly promote their films and stars. Bollywoods lead stars are making about forty percent of a two million dollar If asked what movies were produced in Hollywood, the list would go on forever. When asked the same about Bollywood the most common answer would be, What? What is Bollywood? American Desi, Company, and Grahan are a few movies that were released in Bollywood in 2001. The only American Blockbuster hit to ever hit the top five charts in India is Titanic. Today, it is more common to hear of Indian made films being played in American and British theaters than it is to hear of American movies being Fourteen million people go to the movies in India on a daily basis, which is much more than the United States. Due to this fact, Bollywood has ...